The electrochemical gradient in a chloroplast can have a concentration of protons 1000 times greater on one side of a thylakoid membrane than the other.
a. True
b. False

Answers

Answer 1
The statement above is TRUE.
The electrochemical gradient in the chloroplast is a gradient of electrochemical potential of ions which move across the membrane of the chloroplast during the photosynthesis process. The proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane drives the ATP synthesis during photosynthesis.

Related Questions

how many cells does a fish have?
Do they maintain homeostasis?

Answers

fish have 99 million cells
FIshes have many cells, that is, they are multi cellular organisms. They are also eukaryotes, because their cells have true nucleus and they possess membrane bound organelle in their cells.
Fishes maintain homeostasis because it is the only means by which they can keep their internal environment constant. There are different types of fish, some live in salt water and some live in fresh water. Both type of fishes have to regulate their internal environments in order to maintain the biochemical reactions in their cells which sustain life.

In _____, the Supreme Court ruled that the government may restrict civil liberties when not doing so results in "clear and present danger."

Answers

Schenck v. United States

Answer:

Schenck v. the United States.

Explanation:

The clear and present danger was a doctrine adopted by the United States Supreme Court to check in what cases the First Amendment right granted of freedom of speech could be restrained.

The Schenk v. United States case was a landmark decision in 1919. On it, the Court stated that the freedom of speech right could be restrained if the word spoken on the speech represents a "clear and present danger" to society.

Schenk was the general secretary of the U.S. Socialist Party and he rejected the military draft in the country. He printed a lot of leaflets that called men to resist the military draft and avoid going to war.

I hope this answer helps you.

Describe the importance of high heat of vaporization to ecosystems. I appreciate your help. ;)

Answers

Water has high heat of vaporization. This property of water is beneficial to the ecosystem because it helps to moderate the temperature of the ecosystem.
 The quantity of heat that is required to convert a unit of water into its vapor form is very high, this is due to the hydrogen bond found inside water. This property of water helps to reduce drastic changes in temperature.

Which energy production method does not ultimately depend on the sun?

Answers

Nuclear fission. This is because the source comes from a mineral. All other forms of energy rely on the sun. Wind is produced by the turbulence of the air from the uneven temperatures in the air caused by the sun. Coal is derived from organic matter which at one point must have come from organisms that have lived that have relied on the sun as a form of energy because at the lowest trophic level there must be photosynthetic organism. Solar energy requires the sun to be out on the photoelectric cell in order to function.


Which describes a characteristic of branched polymers? A.They have only one start point and many end points. B.They have many start points as well as many end points. C.They have many start points and only one end point. the more detail the better thank you

Answers

B.They have many start points as well as many end points. 

Answer:

B.They have many start points as well as many end points.

Explanation:

In a branched polymer side chains grow out of a main chain. The side chains are also made of same units as the main chain. These branches are a result of side reactions that occur during polymerisation.

The branches may serve as the starting or the end point of the chain. They may also be branched further. So the starting and the ending point of a branched polymer completely depends on the reference point. Branched polymers have reduced density because of lower packing efficiency.

is Zinc is a silver-gray metal qualitative, quantitative, or neither

Answers

the answer is qualitative

Plaque consists of a biofilm, with bacteria carefully arranged in a community. what are the advantages of forming a biofilm?

Answers

They act as a barrier against toxins and other harmful things in the environment. They also are a source of nutrients that are stored. The microenvironment is also favorable due to its high level of hydration and low oxygen levels.

Which stage of the hydrologic cycle can be the most direct cause of algal blooms?

Answers

runoff is the stage of hydrologic cycle

The direct cause of algal blooms is the runoff stage of hydrological cycle. In this stage, excessive precipitation and saturation of water absorption can lead to development of algal blooms.

What is hydrologic cycle?

Hydrologic cycle of the water cycle is one of the main biogeochemical cycles of ecosystem. This cycle consists of different stages which are evaporation, condensation, precipitation and collection of water.

The Runoff stage of hydrologic cycle occurs when there is excessive precipitation and the ground is saturated i.e., it cannot absorb more water. The Rivers and lakes are formed as a result of runoff. There is some evaporation from the runoff stage into the atmosphere but for the most water in the rivers and lakes returns back to the oceans.

Learn more about Algal blooms here:

https://brainly.com/question/23831165

#SPJ12

If the earth did not have an atmosphere, the sky would appear _____ during the day.

Answers

If the Earth did not have an atmosphere, the atmosphere would not look like anything during the day. You would have a night sky with a day's ground. You could see all the stars. It'd be like standing on the moon.

In the system shown below, there are 80 x particles, all in region A (the left half of the box). No extra particles can enter the system. When the system is in equilibrium, what will be true of the particles?



A. Since there are no y particles, the system is already in equilibrium with all 80 x particles in a.

B. Due to the constant motion of particles, this system will never reach equilibrium.

C. In equilibrium, there will be exactly 40 x particles in A and 40 x particles in B, and those numbers will remain constant.

D. In equilibrium, there will be approximately 40 x particles in A and 40 x particles in B, and those numbers will fluctuate but will remain near 40.

Answers

Answer is  C. In equilibrium, there will be exactly 40 x particles in A and 40 x particles in B, and those numbers will remain constant.
Hope this helps!
Have a great day mate!!

Answer:

D. In equilibrium, there will be approximately 40 x particles in A and 40 x particles in B, and those numbers will fluctuate but will remain near 40.

Explanation:

The perfect euilibrium is hard to achieve given the fact that particles move and are in constant change, but the equilibrium is reached when both boxes have a close number of particles in each of them, for example 41 and 39, 40 and 40, 42 and 38, this change in the number of particles is due to the movement of the particles, but it is still reachable.

A person undergoes hypnosis, and her hand is put in ice. she does not show signs of being in pain. which of these statements is consistent with the dissociation theory?

Answers

The dissociation theory states that while in hypnosis, the mind is completely separated from the rest of consciousness. So, if a person underwent hypnosis, and her hand was put in ice, her mind would theoretically not be able to register the pain that would be experienced by her body. So, the statement that she didn't feel pain from the ice is consistent with the dissociation theory.
Final answer:

Under the dissociation theory of hypnosis, a person may not show pain during hypnosis because of a dissociated state of consciousness where the conscious mind does not fully process pain signals, consistent with research by Ernest Hilgard.

Explanation:

The statement consistent with the . In this state, the person's attention is diverted, such that the pain signals are not fully processed by the conscious mind. This concept aligns with Ernest Hilgard's experiments on hypnosis and pain, wherein participants showed a split in consciousness, allowing them to not report feeling pain even though their physiological responses indicated otherwise.

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system question 13 options:
a.increases respiration and decreases salivation.
b.increases respiration and increases salivation.
c.decreases respiration and increases salivation.
d.decreases respiration and decreases salivation. save

Answers

The correct option is A.
The sympathetic nervous system is the part of autonomic nervous system which activate the fight or flight response system. The sympathetic nervous system can accelerate the heart rate, widen the bronchial passage, decrease motility of the intestines and constricts the blood vessels.

Answer:

The answer is A .increases respiration and decreases salivation.

Explanation:

What "drives" plate tectonics?

A) lava

B) conduction

C) continental drift

D) heat and convection

Answers

D Heat and Convection

Fainting occurs when there is a temporary reduction of blood flow to the brain. if a child faints, your immediate action would be to:

Answers

The answer to this question would be: c. gently lower the child to the floor

By putting the child to the floor, the child will be on lie down position. In this position, the head and the heart height would be same. This will make pumping blood into the brain easier since it won't fight the gravity force.
But the ideal choice would be to lie down the child so the height of his/her head will be same as the heart, then elevate the feet so the blood flow to the brain will be much higher. 

Final answer:

If a child faints, you should immediately d) Lay the child down in a safe place with the legs elevated to help restore blood flow to the brain. This counteracts gravity, which otherwise could cause blood to pool in the legs, reducing blood flow to the brain and increasing the risk of further fainting.

Explanation:

If a child faints, the immediate action should be to lay the child down in a safe place with the legs elevated. This position helps restore blood flow to the brain, combatting the temporary reduction of blood flow that caused the fainting. When you elevate the legs, gravity aids in returning the blood to the heart and the brain. This can prevent further fainting episodes and help the child recover more quickly.

Experiments showing the effect of gravity on circulation demonstrate why this position is beneficial. Similarly, orthostatic hypotension, a temporary drop in blood pressure when standing up quickly, can cause dizziness because of reduced blood flow to the brain. Lying down and elevating the legs, counteracts the gravitational pull that would otherwise cause blood to accumulate in the legs and lower extremities when standing.

Properly addressing fainting is important because severely low blood pressure can deprive the brain and other vital organs of oxygen and nutrients, potentially leading to a life-threatening condition called shock. Therefore, it's critical to act quickly and correctly in the situation of a child fainting.

The release of _____ raises blood pressure and blood sugar levels.

Answers

stressed, i think it is because it the cuse to people problems in sugar level

If you look at a plant cell under the microscope what would you notice that is different from an animal cell

Answers

In a plant cell, you will see that plants have one large vacuole (takes up 90% of the cell's volume) while animal cells have many small vacuoles. The plant cell has a cell wall and chloroplasts which animal cells do not. The animal cell contains centrioles while plant cells do not. 

Describe the pathway of scientific inquiry by which henri becquerel discovered that uranium gives off a type of radiation

Answers

Henri was an engineer who used a phosphorescent material, uranium salts to produce radioacitivity by exposing it to sunlight so this discovery helped him and Madam Curie to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 1903 and this discovery had important ramifications for the use of radioactivity.

Final answer:

Henri Becquerel's discovery of uranium radiation began with the observation that a uranium compound darkened a photographic plate through black cloth, leading to experiments that established the phenomenon as nuclear radioactivity. This discovery laid the foundation for nuclear physics, contributing to our understanding of atomic structure.

Explanation:

The pathway of scientific inquiry by which Henri Becquerel discovered that uranium gives off a type of radiation began in 1896, as a result of his curiosity and thorough experimentation. Becquerel found that a uranium compound placed near a photographic plate could darken the plate, even when wrapped in black cloth, indicating the emission of unseen penetrating rays. This accidental discovery led him to further investigate, finding that the effect was specific to uranium compounds, and not affected by external conditions such as light blockage, temperature, or pressure. These penetrating rays were later understood to originate from the nucleus of the atom, marking the discovery of nuclear radioactivity, an area that would be further explored by Marie Curie and her research on radium and polonium.

Through experimenting with different conditions and materials, Becquerel was able to conclude that the radiation emitted by uranium was a new type, which he termed radiations. This discovery marked a fundamental shift in understanding atomic structure and laid the groundwork for the field of nuclear physics. The radiation emitted by uranium and later studied by the Curies, did not vary with chemical state or physical conditions, indicating a source within the nucleus of the atom, distinct from known electromagnetic and chemical interactions of the time.

How does atp supply energy to power metabolism?

Answers

Final answer:

ATP supplies energy to power metabolism by serving as the primary energy currency in cells. It is generated through the metabolism of glucose and releases energy when it is hydrolyzed. This energy is used to fuel various cellular functions.

Explanation:

ATP supplies energy to power metabolism through its role as the primary energy currency in cells. When ATP is hydrolyzed, it releases a phosphate group and forms ADP, releasing energy that can be used for cellular processes. This energy is used to fuel functions such as muscle contraction, nerve cell activity, and absorption of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract.

Most of the ATP in living organisms is generated through the metabolism of glucose. During glucose catabolism, glucose is broken down through a series of enzymatic steps in glycolysis, producing ATP as a byproduct. The energy obtained from glucose metabolism is used to regenerate ATP and power the multitude of energy-requiring pathways in cells.

Which organelle should be listed under “Plant Only” in the diagram?

Answers

Cell wall and chloraplast!
THAT IS THE ONLY TWO!
hope this helps
xoxo-
Jojo

Answer:

See the answer below.

Explanation:

The plant cell is an eukaryotic cell with some unique organelles that differentiates it from other eukaryotic cell (animal, fungi and protist's cells). These organelles include:

Large vacuoleChloroplastRigid cell wall made of polysaccharides (cellulose)

Hence, these three organelles should be listed separately or in different combinations under plant only.

If a cell was observed under the microscope and found to have a rigid cell wall and be green in color that cell is most likely a

Animal cell
Plant cell
Bacterium cell
Algae cell

Answers

The only answer choice that has a rigid cell wall is a plant cell. They are also green because of chlorophyll. so, the answer is plant cell. Make sense?
Plant cells, they are the only cells with cell walls.

Hope this helps :)

Silt particles are smaller than sand particles. Which of the following statements is true?
A.Silt has a higher terminal fall velocity than sand.
B.Silt has a higher threshold velocity than sand.
C.Silt is more vulnerable to wind erosion than sand.
D.Silt can't be carried by wind, but sand can.

Answers

The right answer is C. Silt is more vulnerable...

In geology, a silt is a sedimentary formation whose grains are of intermediate size between clays and sands that is to say between 2 and 63 micrometers (the precise limits may vary somewhat according to the laboratories). A mostly silty deposit may be called silt. In geology, Anglicism silt is often used to designate silts.

The silt is the ultimate product of fluvial erosion of the rocks of the river catchment. The silty particles thus consist of very fine debris of quartz, mica and feldspar, or even clay minerals.

Stringers characterize the loess deposits of loess, also known as "slime plateaus", and are common in alluvial deposits. In the latter case, the silty particles release nutrients which have a major interest for the renewal of soil fertility and therefore for their agricultural exploitation.

Since silt is often suspended in water, it can contribute to its turbidity.

What are adaptations?

Answers

Adaptations are additions to an organism (structural, behavioral, psychological) that help an organism survive different conditions or obstacles. 
An adaptation is a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.
Hope this helps

If an amino acid has a side chain (r group) that is charged (i.e. bears a full + or – charge), which amino acid group would it belong in?

Answers

The answer is charged amino acid group.

Grouping of amino acid into one of three categories are only based on its R group. And there is an amino and carboxyl group are present in the amino acid that are ionized so we can say that amino acid is technically charged and there is one thing to remember that Amino acids that are classified as polar, they are not having any charge.

Rag the pink labels to the pink targets, indicating the relative concentration of glucose inside and outside the cell. drag the correct white label to the white target, indicating the direction that na+ ions and glucose move through the cotransporter. drag the blue labels to complete the sentences on the right, indicating how na+ ions and glucose move through the cotransporter relative to their electrochemical and concentration gradients.

Answers

Attached is the exercise. I found the full scheme on the internet.

For the position "a" the correct label is the pink label with glucose concentration low. This type of cotransportation transports two solutes in the same direction, being one in favour of its gradient, and another one against its gradient. In this case the one that's in favour of its gradient is the Na+, so the glucose is in low concentration outside the cell.
For the position "b" the correct label is the one with the glucose and Na+ entering the cell. This is cotransport, done by the glucose-sodium cotransporter.
For the position "c" the correct label is the pink label with glucose concentration high. This type of cotransportation transports two solutes in the same direction, being one in favour of its gradient, and another one against its gradient. In this case the one that's in favour of its gradient is the Na+, so the glucose is in high concentration inside the cell.
For sentence "1." the correct term is "down". Because the Na+ concentration is higher on the outside of the cell, the Na+ moves down its electrochemical gradient.
For sentence "2." the correct term is "against" for the reasons explained above.

Answer:

look at the person above me thanks

Explanation:

In the image below, in which location is limestone formed?

Diagram showing the carbon cycle. At Location A, a river meets an ocean. At Location B, sediments sink to the bottom of the deep ocean. At Location C, green plants perform photosynthesis. At Location D, a factory burns fossil fuels.

Public Domain

A
B
C
D

Answers

The answer would be B because the sediments sink and start to compact together to form the limestone

The location where the limestone is formed in the image below is the location B. Thus, the correct option will be B.

What is limestone?

Limestone can be defined as a type of carbonate sedimentary rock which is one of the main sources of material lime. Limestone is composed mostly of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are the two different crystal forms of CaCO₃. Limestone forms when these two minerals precipitate out of the water which is containing the dissolved calcium.

In the image provided in the question, the location where limestone is formed is the location B, sediments part of the cycle.

Therefore, the correct option will be B.

Learn more about Limestone here:

https://brainly.com/question/11726100

#SPJ3

Some organisms undergo asexual reproduction through mitosis, while others reproduce sexually, and their cells undergo meiosis to produce gametes. If there were drastic changes in temperature in an ecosystem, which process do you predict would be most beneficial to a species? Mitosis: it causes genetic mutations, which may be favorable to the species. Meiosis: it increases genetic variation, which helps ensure the species will survive. Meiosis: it produces more daughter cells, which increases the population of the species. Mitosis: it produces identical offspring, which increases genetic variation.

Answers

it increases genetic variation which helps ensure the species will survive

Answer:

Meiosis: it increases genetic variation, which helps ensure the species will survive.

Explanation:

Crossing over and genetic recombination happen during meiosis and both processes ensure that the daughter cells are genetically variant from the parent cells.

Crossing over and genetic recombination increase the genetic variability of a population and consequently increases their chances of survival in case of changes to the environment.

Dr. nguyen's experimental rats have learned the location of a food treat in a maze. she removed their hippocampi 3 hours after the rats located the food. what will be the effect on the rat's memory for the food's location?

Answers

The hippocampus is a part of the brain responsible for consolidation of short-term memory, long-term memory, and spatial memory( that enables navigation )
By having the hippocampus removed, the rat won't remember his memories, such as the location of a food treat in the maze.

What is a cost of using technology to transport water?

Answers

it is very expensive for one this, and also it does not always work. 

Answer:

Freshwater supplies can be depleted in an area.

Explanation:

In pavlov's "salivating dogs" studies, the salivation triggered by the sound of the tone was the __________.

Answers

The appropriate response is Conditioned Response. The traditional molding process is tied in with matching a formerly unbiased jolt with another boost that normally and naturally delivers a reaction. Subsequent to blending the introduction of these two sufficiently together circumstances, an affiliation is framed.

What is taher's only wish? what prevents him from realizing his dream? ironically what happens three weeks later?

Answers

Uncle Taher’s last wish is to see his son again.  Ironically Taher's passport arrives 3 weeks later on the day of his death.

Uncle Taher’s last dream is to see his son again. Ironically Taher's passport arrives 3 weeks later on the day of his death.

What do you mean by a dream?

Dreams include stories and images that our minds create during sleep, they can be entertaining, fun, romantic, disturbing, and frightening.

We may not remember dreaming, but everyone is thought to dream between 3 and 6 times per night, it is thought that each dream lasts between 5 to 20 minutes.

Uncle Taher’s last dream is to see his son again, realizing his dream to see his son again.  

Around 95 percent of dreams are forgotten by the time a person gets out of bed. Dreaming can help you learn and develop long-term memories.

Therefore, Taher’s last dream is to see his son again. Ironically Taher's passport arrives 3 weeks later on the day of his death.

Learn more about dreams, here:

https://brainly.com/question/29359073

#SPJ5

Other Questions
why is it important to know a tornados velocity and not just its speed Suppose you had d dollars in your bank account. You spent $22 but have at least $28 left. How much money did you have initially? Write and solve an inequality that represents this situation. A) d + 22 28; d 72 B) d 22 > 28; d > 50 C) d + 22 28; d 72 D) d 22 28;d 50 What is the product in simplest form? 5/12 8/13 Please answer How did Cyrus and Darius each rule diverse groups of people peacefully? How do sodium and potassium leak channels play a role in the development of the negative membrane potential of the axolemma (plasma membrane of the axon)? _________ are organic substances essential for normal metabolism, growth and development of the body Which one of these helps determine the ease with which a person gains or loses weight?A. Number of fat cellsB. Size of fat cellsC. Both A and BD. Neither A nor B How is the empirical formula of copper chloride hydrate found? Federigo's falconWhat is the TONE MOOD THEME AND WHAT IS THE 2 SUB THEME? please help me FROM PHILIPPINES An investment is currently worth 1.035108 dollars . Thirty years ago, the investment was worth 2.3105 dollars. How many times greater is the value of the investment today than the value of the investment thirty years ago? A. 0.45 B.450 C.4500 D. 45,000 which of these skills do you need more help with select all that applyA. finding the square and square roots of numbers B. idrntifying rational and irrational numbersC. comparing values of rational and irrational numbersD. evaluating perfect squares and cubesE. using roots to represent solutions to equations what was a major goal of jane addams settlement house movement in chicago? The naturally occurring, generally low level sound produced by an environment is called Which verb. Form correctly completes the sentence? Yo____ los pesos Mexicanos a dolares Convirtio Convertiste Convirtiron Converti A boat takes 3.6 h to travel downstream from its dock to a fishing hole. If the water were still, it would have taken 4.5 h to make the trip. Let x represent the speed of the boat and let y represent the speed of the water.(a)Write an expression for the distance traveled in moving water, using 3.6 h for the time. Then write an expression for the distance traveled as if in still water, using 4.5 h for the time.(b)Set the expressions in Part (a) equal to each other. Then solve the equation for y. Show your work. (c)What percent of the boats speed is the water current? The radius of a cylindrical construction pipe is 2ft . if the pipe is 23ft long, what is its volume? use the value 3.14 for , and round your answer to the nearest whole number. be sure to include the correct unit in your answer. Which scientist arrived at a fairly accurate calculation of the value of pi? Who was the Renaissance artist known as Leonardo of the North how does an improvement in consumer confidence affect the consumption function and the aggregate demand curve? Joanna joins a CD club. She pays $7 per month plus $10 for each CD that she orders. Write an inequality to find how many CDs she can purchase in a month if she spends no more than $100. Identify what your variable represents. Steam Workshop Downloader