Microbiological experiments are conducted to analyse the growth pattern and capabilities to consume a substrate and undergo multiplcation in number and mass for multiple microbes. Generally, agar or brotg remains the preliminary substrates for analysis of microbial growth. The usual practices include dilution of the stock solution, plating on the plate and observations after a growth period of atleast 24 hours. The number of colonies appearing on the plate are observed and counted manually or automatically. Using appropriate mathematical formula, the actual number of microbial units can be calculated in thw stock solution.
Thus, based upon number of colonies appearing on the plate, the growth can be distinguished as following:
1. No growth: this refers to no appearance of any growth on plate, neither diluted nor stock solution.
2. Poor growth: Qualitatively, poor growth refers to appearance of only 10 or less number of colonies in the stock solution. Such stocks are further concentrated and re-analysed for growth.
3. Good growth: Good microbial growth refers to appearance of 15 or more colonies in the stock solution. Such solutions are considered as moderately concentrated in nature.
Thus, based upon the above mentioned qualitative analyses, the nature of growth can be determined easily.
Smooth muscles are slow to relax and slow to contract. explain why this is and why this is important.
Spina ____________________ is a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it.
An herbivore might eat all of the following except
A. Ants
B. Algae
C.ferns
D.leaves
Answer:
A. Ants
Explanation:
Herbivorous animals are those that consume live plants or part of them. In this way, ecologically speaking, they can play a role as predators, by removing individuals from the population; or parasites, for consuming certain plant structures, but without killing them. Accordingly, we can say that herbivores can eat algae, ferns and leaves, but do not feed on ants.
Considering these facts, herbivores are able to control some plant populations by reducing their growth and reproduction rates. For this reason, some insects with this feeding habit are used to control the growth of plantation pests.
Which sequence shows a decreasing level of complexity?
Hello. This question is incomplete. The full question is:
" Which sequence shows a decreasing level of complexity? 1) organs organism cells tissues , 2) organism cells organs tissues , 3) cells tissues organs organism , 4) organism organs tissues cells"
Answer:
4) organism organs tissues cells
Explanation:
The order "organism, organs, tissues, cells" shows the levels of organization in a decreasing level of complexity.
There are several hierarchical levels of organization among living beings, starting with atoms and ending with biomes. Each of these levels is a matter of study for biologists. These levels are:
Atoms: a very small part of matter. Atoms are divided into protons, neutrons and electrons. The joining of these atoms forms matter in its solid, liquid and gaseous states. Molecule: the molecule is a junction of atoms. The molecules are diverse substances and are formed by different atoms (H2O) or by the same atoms (O2); Organelle: small organ-like structures that are present in animal and plant cells. They help to carry out the vital functions of cells; Cell: cells are the functional units that make up animal and plant organs. They perform breathing and reproduction in addition to saving the genetic information of beings; Tissue: is the visible part of the organs, formed by a group of plant or animal cells. Our skin, for example, is a type of tissue. Tissues are responsible for storing cells, blood vessels, making excretions such as sweat.Organs: set of tissues. The organs perform various types of functions: the heart pumps blood, the stomach helps with food, the small intestine absorbs substances. System: set of interconnected organs. Our digestive system, for example, has a mouth, tongue, esophagus, stomach and intestine. Organism: set of systems that form a living being, for example, the human being, a lion, a plant.The region of the optic nerve lacking photoreceptor cells is known as the ________.
The blind spot, also known as the optic disc, is the region in the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye, and it lacks photoreceptors, creating a part in our vision where we cannot perceive light.
The region of the optic nerve lacking photoreceptor cells is known as the blind spot. Specifically, this region is called the optic disc, where the ganglion cell axons exit the retina to form the optic nerve. No photoreceptors are present at this location, resulting in an absence of vision for light that falls onto this part of the retina.
The fovea, by contrast, is the area of the retina with the greatest visual acuity and consists mainly of cone photoreceptors. Unlike the blind spot, the fovea allows for sharp images to be perceived due to its high density of photoreceptors.
If you are at the beach and look up in the sky to see a quarter Moon (that is, half of the Moon's surface illuminated) overhead like this one, what type of tide would be occurring where you are?
The Gulf of California is located on the Tropic of Cancer. At what position of Earth, will the sun be exactly overhead at the Gulf of California?
Position 1
Position 2
Position 3
Position 4
Answer: Option (D)
Explanation: Position D in the image represents the summer solstice. It is the condition when the sun is directly overhead the tropic of cancer (the gulf of California). It takes place on round 22nd of June every year, in which the norther hemisphere experiences summer solstice and the southern hemisphere experiences winter solstice.
The correct answer supporting the position is option (D).
Children's steady growth, brain maturation, and intellectual advances make middle childhood a time for more _____. question 28 options:
a.independence
b.conservation
c.egocentrism
d.peer values
In a eukaryotic cell, transcription takes place _____. in the nucleus in the rough endoplasmic reticulum on free ribosomes on the cell membrane in the cytoplasm
In a eukaryotic cell, transcription takes place in the nucleus .Transcription is the process by which genetic information encoded in DNA is used to synthesize RNA molecules.
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's DNA. Within the nucleus, DNA is organized into structures called chromosomes. Transcription involves the enzyme RNA polymerase binding to a specific region of DNA called the promoter. The DNA double helix unwinds, and RNA polymerase uses one strand of the DNA as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule known as pre-mRNA.
The pre-mRNA molecule is then processed through a series of modifications, including the addition of a cap structure at one end and a poly-A tail at the other. Additionally, non-coding regions called introns are removed, and the remaining coding regions called exons are spliced together. These modifications produce a mature mRNA molecule that can be transported out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm for further processing and translation.
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One of the reasons for this is that our unconscious handwriting incorporates into it different mental, physical, and mechanical elements and it would be highly unlikely for two people to share exactly the same traits in these areas to produce the same handwriting.
Is this statement true or false?
A.) True
B.)False
One of the reasons for this is that our unconscious handwriting incorporates into it different mental, physical, and mechanical elements and it would be highly unlikely for two people to share exactly the same traits in these areas to produce the same handwriting.
Is this statement true or false?
A.) True
B.)False
Biology question 3
A single muscle cell can contain dozens of nuclei. Which stage of the cell cycle is the not completing? How do you know?
A muscle cell contains many nuclei due to cellular fusion, which is the combination of multiple progenitor cells. It does not complete the cytokinesis stage of the cell cycle, which normally leads to the division of the cell and its nucleus into two separate cells.
Explanation:A single muscle cell, known as a myocyte, generally contains many nuclei due to a process called cellular fusion. This process involves the combination of numerous progenitor cells, each with a nucleus, to form a single muscle cell with multiple nuclei.
The stage of the cell cycle that the myocyte is not completing is cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the phase in which the cell physically divides at the end of mitosis to form two identical daughter cells. If a cell does not undergo cytokinesis, it will not separate, and instead, it may form a cell with multiple nuclei, as seen in muscle cells.
In summary, muscle cells contain multiple nuclei due to the lack of cytokinesis following mitosis, leading to the fusion of multiple cells into a single cell body.
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Which condition is considered progressive rather than reversible?
A hematocrit indicates the percentage of the blood volume occupied by red blood cells. how might your hematocrit change if you moved from a town at sea level to a high mountain village where the air contains less oxygen?
muscular dystrophy is an inherited genetic disease that causes the muscles to what
atrophy, or breakdown
In the presence of oxygen, we use __________ to fuel atp production from glucose. what process do plants use to fuel atp production from glucose?
The synthesis of giant molecules from components of repeating units is _____. polymerization hydrolysis
Answer: The correct answer for the fill the blank is polymerization.
Polymerization is the process of formation of large molecule from the components of smaller repeating units. A chemical bond is formed between smaller units. The smaller repeating units are called as monomers and the giant molecule formed in this process is called as polymer.
Example- DNA ( deoxyribonucleic acid) is a giant molecule or polymer, which is formed by the joining of individual smaller units called as dNTP ( deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate). Thus, formation of DNA is a polymerization reaction.
Martha has been diagnosed as having vaginismus. besides intercourse, in what other scenario would martha experience the difficulty associated with this condition?
a. sexual arousal by men
b. masturbation to orgasm
c. urination
d. a vaginal examination
Which statements could be categorized in the "Asexual" section of the Venn diagram? Check all that apply.
mitosis
diploid cells
two cell divisions
gametes
identical dna
The right answer is mitosis, diploid cells and identical dna.
Asexual reproduction is a form of reproduction of an already developed living being in which, from a cell or a group of cells, is developed, by mitotic processes, a complete individual, genetically identical to the first. It is performed with a single progenitor and without intervention of the nuclei of the sexual cells or gametes.
mitosis ,diploid cells and identical dna.
youre welcome
What is the only connective tissue group that does not have a direct blood supply? *?
The nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy tube with a high-volume, low-pressure cuff. what does the cuff prevent?
According to the scenario, the cuff that prevents the process is known as Mucosal necrosis.
When should you deflate the cuff on a tracheostomy?The cuff will definitely deflate the mechanisms of tracheostomy when neither mechanical ventilation nor a risk of gross aspiration is present. Another consideration is to change the patient to a cuffless tracheostomy tube. The definition of aspiration is when any food, liquid, or other matter passes below the vocal folds.
According to the context of this question, if an individual is used to inflate the cuff, he/she needs to inject air into the adaptor at the end of the pilot balloon. Inject the least amount of air needed in order to adequately create a seal around the tube. The amount of air necessary will vary depending on the diameter of the tracheostomy tube and the patient's trachea.
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During a newborn assessment the nurse identifies that the temperature, pulse, respirations, and other physical characteristics are within the expected range. the nurse records these findings on the clinical record. legally, how should the nurse's action be interpreted?
How does the nucleus control which proteins are made by the ribosomes?
It controls the order in which proteins are made.
It controls the speed with which proteins are made.
It controls which genes get used.
It controls the number of ribosomes.
Why did scientists come up with scientific names?
What is a protein called if it loses its shape?
n a cross between two heterozygous individuals (eg. Rr X Rr), the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring would be
A)1:2:2:1.
B)1:2:1.
C)1:1.
D)3:1.
The expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring is B) 1:2:1.
To understand the expected phenotypic ratio of the offspring from a cross between two heterozygous individuals (Rr x Rr), we can use the Punnett square method. Here, 'R' represents the dominant allele for a trait, and 'r' represents the recessive allele.
When we set up the Punnett square for the cross Rr x Rr, we get the following:
```
R | r
---------
R | RR | Rr
---------
r | Rr | rr
```
From this Punnett square, we can determine the genotypic ratio of the offspring:
- RR (homozygous dominant): 1
- Rr (heterozygous): 2
- rr (homozygous recessive): 1
The phenotypic ratio is determined by the number of individuals that express a particular trait, regardless of their genotype. Since the dominant allele 'R' will mask the presence of the recessive allele 'r' in the heterozygous (Rr) individuals, the phenotypic ratio will be:
- Dominant phenotype (RR and Rr): 1 (RR) + 2 (Rr) = 3
- Recessive phenotype (rr): 1
Therefore, the expected phenotypic ratio is 3:1, which corresponds to option D. However, this is not the correct option for the given question, as the question asks for the phenotypic ratio, not the genotypic ratio.
The phenotypic ratio is actually 1:2:1, which corresponds to the number of offspring with the dominant phenotype (RR, which is 1), the number of offspring with the dominant phenotype (Rr, which is 2), and the number of offspring with the recessive phenotype (rr, which is 1). This ratio reflects the number of different genotypes that will have the same observable trait (phenotype).
A forest that typically experiences low temperatures and precipitation levels, is characterized by evergreen species like spruce and fir, and covers vast tracts of land in the higher latitudes and altitudes is known as a:
How many protons and electrons does magnesium have
Why are lipids able to function as protective barriers in cells?
Final answer:
Lipids function as protective barriers in cells due to their hydrophobic nature, forming phospholipid bilayers in cell membranes that prevent unregulated passage of substances while allowing selectivity through embedded proteins.
Explanation:
Lipids are able to function as protective barriers in cells because of their hydrophobic nature. Being largely nonpolar compounds, they consist predominantly of nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds, making them insoluble in water. This hydrophobic quality is crucial for their role in cell membranes where they form phospholipid bilayers that act as barriers, preventing the passage of many substances into and out of the cell. Furthermore, these lipids, including cholesterol, phospholipids, and other types of lipids like fats and waxes, serve various functions such as energy storage, insulation, and the composition of hormones. Specifically, the phospholipid bilayer in cell membranes is integral to maintaining a hydrophilic exterior and interior suitable for the aqueous cell environment, while also housing various proteins for selective substance transport.
The controlling structure of the cell that directs reproduction and determines structure and function of the cell is the
The Apache taxi company charges $2.50 to pick up a passenger and then adds $1.95 per mile. Issac was charged $27.46 to go from one city to another. If x represents the number of miles driven by the taxi, which linear equation can be used to solve this problem, and how many did Issac travel, rounded to the nearest tenth?