In the experiment, the independent variable is the presence or absence of caffeine, and the dependent variable is the participants' recall of items on a word list.
Explanation:In the described experiment by Folger University, two key variables can be identified. The first is the independent variable, which is the factor manipulated by the researchers. In this case, it is the presence or absence of caffeine. The second is the dependent variable, which is the outcome measured by the researchers. In this experiment, this would be the participants' recall of items on a word list. Both these variables are crucial in conducting and interpreting the results of a psychological experiment.
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Which of the following variable(s) are both quantitative and continuous? 1. The amount of tar in a cigarette, measured in milligrams (mg). 2. The number of people living in a house. 3. The time it takes in minutes for a student to walk from the parking lot to their classroom. 4. Whether or not a person has been a victim of crime.
Answer:
Following options are both quantitative and continuous.
1. The amount of tar in a cigarette, measured in milligrams (mg).
3. The time it takes in minutes for a student to walk from the parking lot to their classroom.
Explanation:
Quantitative variables are the numerical variables which can be measured. For example, population of a city.
Continuous variables are also numeric but it have any number of values between its minimum and maximum value. Like in statistics we have age, height, color of eye etc as continuous variables.
In the given options, Option 1, amount of tar cigarette, is both quantitative and continuous as it have numeric value between any two values.
3. Time is measured and can range between any two values (to walk from parking area to classroom) so it is both quantitative and continuous.
Variables that serves as both quantitative and continuous are;
1. The amount of tar in a cigarette, measured in milligrams (mg).
3. The time it takes in minutes for a student to walk from the parking lot to their classroom.
Quantitative variables can be regarded as variables that can be measured base on numeric scale.These numeric scales could be
Heightweightresponse timesubjective rating of paintemperatureThe amount of tar in a cigarette can be measured with the unit of milligrams, hence it is quantitative and continuous.Therefore, quantitative variables can be measured.
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"Persuasive communication represents any message that is intended to shape, reinforce, or change the responses of another, or others" (James Stiff, 2003). The above definition relies on which two limiting criteria?
Answer:
- Intentional and interpersonal.
Explanation:
The given description('Persuasive...others') relies on two restricting criteria 'intentional and interpersonal'. Intentional because it focuses on delivering an intended idea to the audience in a persuasive manner through different types of appeals. Interpersonal because it focuses on 'reinforcing or altering the responses or thoughts of the audiences'. The primary goal of persuasive communication is to convince the audience to accept and believe in the ideas proposed by the speaker through appealing to the ethics, emotions, or logic of the audience and evoke the desired response from them.
A researcher focused on Watson's theory would examine whether a particular behavior is ________, whereas a researcher focused on Skinner's theory would focus on whether the behavior is ________.a. rewarded; establishedb. innate; conditionedc. established; rewardedd. conditioned; innate
Answer:
The correct answer is C. established; rewarded.
Explanation:
Both Watson and Skinner researched behavior and conducted different studies regarding it.
Let's look at both perspectives:
Classical Conditioning (Watson): it aims to establish an association between a stimulus and a response in order to produce that response and behavior in the individual.Operant Conditioning (Skinner): it focuses on rewards in order to develop an individual's response and behavior.Watson argued a particular behavior is established and Skinner argued a particular behavior is rewarded.
In order to become a producer in New Jersey, after submitting a licensing application, candidates must pass a licensing examination within:__________
Final answer:
To become a licensed producer in New Jersey, candidates must submit an application and pass a licensing examination. The precise timeframe for taking the exam after the application is not specified in the question, but individuals should consult state laws or appropriate departments for current regulations.
Explanation:
In order to become a producer in New Jersey, candidates must navigate complex state regulations, which include submitting a licensing application and subsequently passing a licensing examination. This process is a part of the government-required licenses or authorization that individuals must obtain to legally operate as a producer, dealer, or merchant. The government-required approval and inspection of production facilities and output are crucial steps in ensuring that businesses meet local standards and can legally commence operations.
While the original question did not provide a specific timeframe for taking the licensing examination after submitting an application, typically, regulations would specify a time limit within which a candidate must pass the exam. Candidates are advised to consult the latest New Jersey state laws or the appropriate government department responsible for business licensing for the most accurate and up-to-date information regarding the timeframe and other requirements to become a licensed producer in the state.
when minority students are most at risk for abandoning their goals and leaving the pipeline, based on preliminary study in collaboration with Dr. Lynne Holden of Mentoring in Medicine______________.
Answer:
It is at this pivotal moment, among sophomore and junior years, where students of URiM will benefit mostly from role models and one-on - one mentoring to support their participation and progress in medical school enrolment.
Max Weber studied power and authority, differentiating between ________ and formulating a system for classifying types of ________.
Answer:
Power and Authority, Authority
Explanation:
Max Weber studied power and authority, distinguising between the two concepts and formulating a system for classifying types of authority.
Weber described in his essays authority to distinguish it from the use of coercive force, and it compared power in relationship to legitimate power or other forms.
While he studied different forms of domination, he identified not all forms of power have the same basis, so he distinguishes authority as a mere coercive power , and power based on persuasion and influence with leadership as a legitimate source o power.
He sees 3 different forms of authority: Traditional (historically held by culture and the first form of all)
Charismatic (held by extraordinary individuals that inspire and cause devotion, and Rational -legal model (through legally enacted rules)-
Jayne is a responsive parent to her full-term son. She knows when he needs to eat and when he needs to sleep. In regard to sleep, he usually:
In regard to sleep, he usually sleeps more than low birth-weight babies.
Explanation:
Jayne is a responsive parent. She has a son who is a full-term baby. She knows all his demands. She even knows when he needs to eat and when he needs to sleep. In regard to sleep, Jayne’s son usually sleeps more than low birth-weight babies.
The baby that is born between 39 weeks and 40 weeks is known as full term baby. Low birth-weight babies are who born weighing less than 2500 grams.
Describe how one past or current world event, concept, invention, etc. influenced one of the following: politics, religion, business or culture?
Answer:
The invention of eCommerce changed retail forever.
Explanation:
The retail sector has seen a sharp decline in store sales ever since eCommerce has gained momentum. Since eCommerce offers a cheaper and time saving mechanism of shopping, and an efficient and cost friendly system to operate for vendors, the conventional store model has suffered greatly. More and more businesses are moving their sales system completely online and the example of Amazon having soared in value to record heights on its online marketplace backbone is a testament to this fact.
Thomas hobbes and baron de montesquieu are best known for what ideas about government
Answer: thomas hobbes was best known for his views on state of nature. And montesquieu was known for his idea of separation of powers
Explanation:
In a conversation before class, you find that you are the only person in your group to favor tuition increases. The other five students with whom you are talking strongly oppose tuition increases. What might you do to persuade them of your point of view?
Answer:
An increase in tuition will most likely result in an increase in the number and quality of extra curricular activities. It can also result in higher quality of teaching due to staff being paid better.
Explanation:
A reasonable increase in tuition fees can be justified by connecting it with an increase in the quality of extra curricular activities such as a better equipped gymnasium, better maintained grounds and swimming pools etc. Another reason could be that since higher fees might result in better wages for staff, the quality of education is likely to improve as the morale of the staff will be higher. The number of missed classes will reduce as teachers' retention rate will increase.
In a study of the first 1000 business school applications submitted to University X, it was found that one-fifth of all applicants claimed to have more years of work experience than they truly possess. However, the study may under-estimate the proportion of total applicants to University X who are dishonest, because:________.a) the proportion of students who are dis-honest about their work experience may be higher out of those who submitted their application after the first 1000 applicants than those applicants who were covered in the study.b) the study may have considered an applicant dis-honest when it was unable to easily verify work experience because a prior employer for which the applicant truly worked had since gone out of business.c) some applicants who claimed to have possessed only a year or two of additional professional experience than they really had were also dis-honest in other parts of their applications.d) some applicants who claimed over a decade of work experience really possessed such professional history.e) the proportion of applicants at University Y who were dis-honest on their applications was larger than that of University X.
Answer:
a) the proportion of students who are dis-honest about their work experience may be higher out of those who submitted their application after the first 1000 applicants than those applicants who were covered in the study.
Explanation:
In the first thousand applications, it is given in the context that the nearly one - fifth of the applicants were dishonest in the study. So now it is possible that half of the rest of the applicants are dishonest and hence 1/5 may underestimate the proportion of dishonest applicants.
Hence the correct option is (a).
Assume a businessperson who owns a computer equipment store is delinquent in paying rent to the landlord. The resulting dispute entails ______ law. A. PublicB. PreferentialC. ConsensualD.PrivateE. Black letter
Answer: D)Private
Explanation:
Private law is the legal regulation in the government system that is based on the civil matters of people who have established relationship between them.It considers issue of families, business, groups etc.
According to the question, business person is not able to give rent of the store to the land owner. If any dispute due to this matter occurs then it will be considered under private law as it includes relationship of landlord and tenant .
Other options are incorrect because public law is complete society,preferential law has optional opportunities of interest and consequential law is based on the outcome. Black letter is the calligraphic document.Thus, the correct option is option(D).
Which of the following legal forms of organization is most expensive to organize? A. limited partnership B. partnerships C. sole proprietorships D. corporations
Answer:
D. corporations
Explanation:
Corporations are business which are separate entities from their owners and can be sued. They are usually controlled by a board of director. They are the most expensive organizations to manage.
Among the options of sole proprietorships, partnerships, limited partnerships, and corporations, corporations are the most expensive to establish due to factors such as legal paperwork, double taxation, and a required formal corporate structure.
Explanation:The most expensive form to organize among the given options is the corporation. This is due to several factors. First, setting up a corporation involves a significant amount of legal paperwork, including the creation of articles of incorporation and bylaws, which must often be overseen by a lawyer. Second, corporations are subject to double taxation, meaning the corporate profits are taxed at the corporate level and again when distributed as dividends to shareholders. Third, corporations require a formalized structure, including a board of directors, officers, and regular meetings. This structure, while necessary for corporate governance, also adds to the complexity and cost of organizing a corporation compared to other forms of business organization such as sole proprietorships, partnerships, and limited partnerships.
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The essence of communication is ________________. A. having a receiver B. processing information C. having a sender D. sharing E. providing data
Answer: D. sharing
Explanation:The reason we communicate is so that we can share our ideas with the people around us whether those ideas are instructions, comments, plain conversations,arguments or any other ideas that we need to convey to those around us , the main purpose is that we let them be aware of what we need them to know through sharing it with them using communication.
Answer:
sharing
Explanation:
For communication to be effective a strong relationship should be encouraged through sharing, normally it is an exchange of relevant information between senders and receivers that creates constant feedback.
This feedback keeps communication alive.
A positive and meaningful sharing of messages will turn into a positive and constructive communication.
This can be seen at the individual level, and further apply to share information between colleagues in an organization , since it allows for others to share ideas and experience that enrich and create common knowledge.
It also is seen between producers and consumers.
June's correct solution of a novel arithmetic problem was simultaneously facilitated by unconscious inferences and the conscious application of mathematical principles. This best illustrates the value of:_________
a) the popout phenomenon.
b) a biopsychological approach.
c) dual processing.
d) behaviorism.
Answer:
Dual processing
Explanation:
Dual processing is the processing of decision making in which we decide based on our two sides. The one side is intuition or the gut feeling that helps us make a decision and the other side is about the slower thinking and consciously work through the consideration.
Dual processing theory is used by most people in their lifetime. Every people have a time when they have to choose their career. They have to make a decision based on two sides.
Thus here in the above context, June's solution to a novel arithmetic problem leads to the value of dual processing.
What are the clonflicts between the executive and legislative branches of a parliamentary government unlikely to occur?A.) Parliament as a whole maintains strict oversight over the executive branch
B.) the executive branch is part of the Parliament, which is the legislature.
C.) There are checks and balanced among the different branches.
D.) The central government's limited power restricts its ability to act on behalf of the country as a whole.
Answer:
the executive branch is part of the Parliament, which is the legislature.
Explanation:
In a parliamentary system of government, there is slight difference in how the executive arrange their activities, in such a way that, they are not whole separated from the legislative unit of the government. The prime minister in the British system of government and the cabinet members are the one piloting the affairs of the parliament by making laws and budgets. In this manager, there will be little or no significant conflicts between the cabinet and the house of common.
A section is 1 mile by 1 mile. How wide is a four-acre (hint: one acre contains 43,560 sq ft) easement that runs along the western edge of a section?
33 feet
38 feet
45 feet
28 feet
Answer:
correct answer is 33 feet
Explanation:
given data
A section = 1 mile by 1 mile
one acre contains = 43,560 sq ft
solution
as section is 1 mile by 1 mile
so one edge of a section will be
one edge of a section = 1 mile = 5280 feet long
here one acre contains = 43,560 sq ft
so 4 acres = (43,560 sq ft × 4)
4 acres = 174,240 sq. ft
contains a total of 174,240 sq. ft.
so wide = [tex]\frac{174240}{5280}[/tex]
wide = 33 feet
The width of a four-acre easement running along the western edge of a 1 mile by 1 mile section is approximately 33 feet. This is achieved by converting the acres to square feet and dividing by the length of the section in feet.
Explanation:The acre is a unit of area commonly used in the United States. To solve this question, we need to convert the given acres to square feet, since one acre contains 43,560 square feet. Four acres, therefore, contain 174,240 square feet. Now, as the easement runs along the Western edge of a section that is 1 mile (or 5,280 feet), we can calculate its width by dividing the total square footage by the length. That is 174,240 / 5,280 which equals approximately to 33 feet. Thus, a four-acre easement that runs along the western edge of a section is likely to be 33 feet wide.
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A research study measures the effect of age on the average driving speed by selecting a sample of teenage drivers and a sample of drivers between the ages of 20 and 25. Why is this an example of an independent-measures design?
This is an example because there is one measure being taken for two non-overlapping samples.
Explanation:
An independent-measures design can also be expressed as a between-subjects design. In the independent-measures design, there are two independent samples that are compared to one another.
The following are the examples that would represent independent measures:
The statistically significant difference can be noted by measuring the average number of traffic tickets among men and women.
A sample of 10-year-olds is compared with a sample of 18-year-olds to measure whether age has an effect on the amount of time an individual can hold his breath under water.
An independent-measures design or between-subjects design compares two separate groups of participants, such as teenage drivers versus drivers aged 20-25, to measure the effect of age on driving speed. This cross-sectional study provides age comparisons at a single point in time, allowing for efficient analysis despite potential limitations related to generational differences.
Explanation:The research study that measures the effect of age on average driving speed by comparing a sample of teenage drivers with a sample of drivers aged between 20 and 25 is an example of an independent-measures design. This design is also known as a between-subjects design because it involves two separate groups of participants; one in each condition of the experiment.
Each subject, or participant, is tested in only one condition. For instance, one group represents the teenage drivers and the other represents the drivers between 20 and 25. By comparing the average driving speed between these two distinct age groups, the researchers can investigate how age might affect driving behavior without confounding variables that could arise if the same individuals were tested more than once.
In cross-sectional research, multiple segments of a population are compared at a single point in time, focusing on differences that arise as a result of age or development. This contrasts with longitudinal research where the same subjects are studied over an extended period. Cross-sectional studies are more efficient and provide a quick snapshot of the differences between age groups, although they may be limited by generational or cohort effects that are unrelated to age itself.
Which of these is NOT a compensable factor?
A) The working conditions associated with the job
B) Underrepresented minority status (including gender, race/ethnicity, disability, or sexual orientation)
C) Mental, physical, and visual demands
D) Confidential data
Answer:
The correct answer is option D: Confidential data
Explanation:
This is not a compensable factor as it does not involve an individual.
Confidential data is not a compensable factor in this regard.
What is Compensable factor?
These are the values in which an employer uses to determine how much an employee is paid.
Confidential data isn't a value which can be used to determine how much an employee collects thereby making option D the most appropriate choice.
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Emily is a manager who spends most of her time in day-to-day decisions assigning non-managerial employees to specific jobs. Emily is considered a ________ manager.
Answer:
The correct answer is: Supervisory.
Explanation:
A supervisory manager is an employee whose goal or duty is to make sure that the non-managerial employees complete their specific assigned tasks satisfactorily.
A supervisory manager assigns specific jobs to the workers and then overseas if the workers are complying with it.
A supervisory manager can: Give instructions to other employees that are lower in organizational status for them to complete different tasks and usually is held responsible for the actions and performance of said employees.
In this particular case, Emily is a manager who spends most of her time in day-to-day decisions assigning non-managerial employees to specific jobs. Emily is considered a supervisory manager.
Shane has a high self-efficacy belief. He is not likely to work hard in preparation for challenges because he is confident he can succeed. True or false?
Answer:False
Explanation:
High self-efficacy influences someone positively in away that it motivates them most of the time. It usually makes a person put an effort towards completing a particular task and to keep pushing in pursuit of achieving those tasks, they put more effort than a person with low efficacy. High efficacy lead to more effort because the person believe their hard work will definitely pay off.
Which of the following observations and inferences led Charles Darwin to his theory of natural selection as a mechanism for evolution?
Answer:
Darwin's theory is based on four observations:
Members of a population of the same species vary in their traits. Traits can be inherited, or passed from parents to offspring. Populations are capable of producing more offspring than the environment can support.Due to a lack of food or other resources, many of the offspring do not survive.Natural selection will only occur if all these points can be observed and followed.
Explanation:
According to Darwin, organisms that are better adapted to the environment have greater chances of survival than those less adapted, leaving a greater number of descendants. The best adapted organisms are therefore selected for that environment.
Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection emerged through his observation of inherited traits, resource-based survival competition, and his study of finches in the Galapagos Islands which showcased that advantageous traits provided a survival benefit and were thus likely to be passed onto the next generation.
Explanation:Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection was influenced by three primary observations and inferences. Firstly, Darwin realized that most characteristics of organisms are inherited from parent to offspring. Secondly, he noted that more offspring are produced than can survive due to resource limitations, leading to competition for these resources. This understanding was influenced by Thomas Malthus' essay on human population growth. Lastly, Darwin observed that offspring differ from each other, and these variations are inherited. For example, while studying finches on the Galápagos Islands, he observed that birds with beak shapes that were best suited for their specific diet had a survival advantage. These advantageous traits would then be better represented in the next generation, leading to a change in the population over generations in a process Darwin referred to as "descent with modification."
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According to Erikson's theory, what holds true for most toddlers? a. They want to gain a sense of control over their own bodies. b. They want to depend on their caregivers to meet all of their needs. c. They need to have guilt and shame in order to strengthen their sense of autonomy. d. Toilet training is only a minor step in learning a sense of autonomy
Answer:
a. They want to gain a sense of control over their own bodies.
Explanation:
Erik Erikson was a famous psychologist who has given the theory of psychosocial development in which he has mentioned eight distinct stages.
According to Erikson's theory, the toddlers are mostly at the autonomy versus shame/doubt stage which is the second stage in the psychosocial development theory and generally starts from eighteen months of age in a child's life and lasts through three years of age. Toddlers tend to focus or aim at developing or creating a huge sense of self-control.
According to Erikson's theory, most toddlers want to gain a sense of control over their own bodies.
Explanation:According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, toddlers are in the stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt. In this stage, most toddlers want to gain a sense of control over their own bodies, making option a. correct. They strive to be more independent and want to do things for themselves. This can be seen in their desire to feed themselves, dress themselves, and explore their environment.
Toilet training is a major step in learning a sense of autonomy for toddlers. It allows them to feel a sense of accomplishment and mastery over their bodily functions. Therefore, option d. is incorrect.
Guilt and shame are not necessary for strengthening a toddler's sense of autonomy. Instead, providing them with opportunities to make choices and encouraging their independence will help them develop a stronger sense of autonomy. Option c. is incorrect.
Therefore, the correct answer is option a. They want to gain a sense of control over their own bodies.
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Ivan stops studying before the point at which his marginal benefits of studying equal his marginal costs. True or False: Ivan is forfeiting some net benefits.
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
The best position to stop learning is where MB= MC. If Ivan ends before this stage some of the rewards of further study are given up.
You are walking after dark. A sudden noise frightens you. Your heart pounds, your pulse races, and your breathing rate increases. These responses are____________.
Answer:
sympathetic nervous system
Explanation:
The sympathetic nervous system controls essential parts of the body such as heart rate, body temperature, breathing, sweating, digestion, etc. It directs the rapid involuntary reaction of the body to dangerous or stressful situations. This system allows humans to make quick internal adjustments and to respond without thinking about it. Therefore whenever a body comes across a physical stress or challenging situations this system prepares the body either to flee or fight.
Kevin is a member of his college hockey team. The team is supported by the university, fans, and corporate sponsors; and is connected to other teams, their sports conference governing board, and all of the individual team members’ families and friends. In this example, Kevin’s team is ______, and the team’s supporters and connections are ______.
Answer:A social unit; teh environment
Explanation:
social unit refers to a group of individuals who unifies for a particular purpose or support it may either be family or friends or fans or people who share some similarities or goals towards one thing. These people are somehow unified by one thing in common between them.
The environment refers to the actual surroundings which may be the place itself and the atmosphere in that place.
The parents of a baby born with cleft lip and palate are struggling with shock, grief, and feelings of inadequacy and frustration. Which statement is best for the nurse to make to the parents at this time?
1. "You should focus on your baby's personality, not appearance."
2. "Let me show you pictures of some babies before and after surgery."
3. "There are other problems with this condition that go beyond surgical correction."
4. "Has anyone else in either of your families had cleft lip or palate?"
Answer:
2. "Let me show you pictures of some babies before and after surgery."
Explanation:
This will curb and address the fears and immediate shock of the parents who are in a current state of crisis. The pictures will reveal that there may be a brighter future for their kid and it doesn't have to be this way. This will inadvertently lower considerably the pressure and fear of what they think may have befallen them. Other statements or options are clearly wrong since they may not address the crisis before parents of the patient immediately.
Answer:
2
Explanation:
Let me show you pictures of some babies before and after surgery
The immediate fears, shock and concerns who, as seeing their baby are already in a state of comfusing, shock and maybe deep dissappointment need to be sorted out instantly. The nurse sjowing them pictures of before and after surgery paints a picture in their minds of hope and expectancy of a sunshine at the end of their tunnel. It will reduce the devastation feeling and point the parents into looking forward for the solution.
5. HSEEP supports efforts across the whole community to improve our national capacity to build, sustain, and deliver core capabilities.
Answer:
This statement is True
Explanation:
HSEEP, also known as Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program is in alignment with the National Preparedness Goal and the National Preparedness System and their goal is to provide support to the community to enhance the capacity of the nation to "build, sustain, and deliver core capabilities." Their doctrines can be applied across areas such as "prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery".
This effect may occur when participants get more benefit from the human contact of a research study than from the actual treatment under clinical investigation.
Answer:Internal Invalidity
Explanation:
Internal Invalidity means something else produces the outcome that is observed in a research and is a result of the conclusion made from that experiment , something else other than the actual stimulus that was meant to produce those results in an experiment. This means these result may not be a true representation of the research outcome because something else has intervened and had it effect on the participants. Dependent variable are affected by something else outside of the experimental stimulus.
"participants get more benefit from the human contact of a research " this is something else other than the clinical treatment.
Identify the type of role for each example. initiator-contributer -- help-seeker -- follower -- opinion seeker -- observer and commentator --
initiator-contributer - suggest goals, procedures, and strategies
help-seeker - puts self down; tries to gain sympathy through confusion about group needs and goals
follower - often functions as an audience rather than an active participant; goes along with the leadership of more aggressive members often functions as an audience rather than an active participant; goes along with the leadership of more aggressive members
opinion seeker - asks other members for their opinions on relevant issues
observer and commentator - keeps record of group interactions and provides information for group evaluation
initiator-contributer -- task
help-seeker -- dysfunctional
follower -- maintenance
opinion seeker -- task
observer and commentator -- maintenance