Answer:
True
Explanation:
According to the theory of organic evolution, all organisms are related to each other and they all are descendants with some modification from the organism that lived in the past. The evidence of this theory can be seen in existence in homologous organs in different species for example wings of bird and hand or humans.
This homology proves that they shared the common ancestor in the past and they are descendants with some variation and modification which make them appear different from each other. Therefore the statement is true.
True or false? The absence of a trait cannot be used as a synapomorphy in phylogenetic analysis, only shared derived traits that are present in the clade can be used.
Answer:
This statement is False.
Explanation:
A shared apo-morphy which differentiate a clade from other organisms is called synapomorphy. In simple words, members of monophyletic group shares an apomorphy which indicate the presence or absence of certain organs from clade.
For example, loss of legs in snakes is an important synapomorphy.
Final answer:
The statement is false. In phylogenetic analysis, synapomorphies can include both the presence and the absence of derived traits that are shared by members of a clade, such as the loss of limbs in snakes or the presence of amniotic eggs in certain terrestrial vertebrates.
Explanation:
The statement that the absence of a trait cannot be used as a synapomorphy in phylogenetic analysis is false. A synapomorphy can be either the presence or the absence of a derived trait, as long as it is shared among members of a clade and distinguishes that clade from others. For example, the loss of limbs is a synapomorphy that unites snakes. In cladistics, both shared derived traits (such as feathers in birds, known as apomorphic) and the absence of certain traits can indicate evolutionary relationships. However, it is the derived traits that are critical for constructing phylogenies—whether those traits represent the appearance of new features or the loss of ancestral ones.
Ancestral traits (referred to as plesiomorphic), shared by multiple species, are not useful in determining the relationships within a clade since they do not reveal specific evolutionary paths. It is the derived characters that have changed over time and are shared by a group that are important for cladistic analysis, termed synapomorphies. For instance, the presence of an amniotic egg in lizards, rabbits, and humans is a shared derived character that connects these groups more closely than any of them to fish, lampreys, and lancelets.
The English anesthesiologist who linked cholera outbreaks to contaminated water and innovated several of the key epidemiologic methods that remain valid and in use today was _________.
A(n) ____________ is a family-tree like representation of how organisms are related based on ____________ .
Answer: A PEDIGREE is a family-tree like representation of how organisms are related based on ANCESTRY. It shows genetic relatedness or blood relationship between individuals or organisms.
Explanation: Pedigree can be used to determine
1. Family history or genealogy.
2. Genetic or blood relationship.
3. Coefficient of relationship.
4. Degree of relationship.
5. Proportions of shared genes.
6. Mode of transmission of diseases.
7. Risk evaluation or determination.
Genetic counseling.
8. Linkage analysis.
Pedigree symbols are used in constructing pedigree.
A scientist wishes to determine the effect of a digestive enzyme on starch digestion (starch is broken down into glucose). The experimental setup is to mix the enzyme with starch in a test tube, stop the reaction after a known period of time, and then measure the amount of glucose produced.
Which of the following is the correct experimental control?
Answer:
An identical setup but replacing the enzyme with an equal volume of water
Explanation:
When carrying out any experiment, it is important to set out a control in order to increase the reliability of the data and results.
The control minimizes the effects of variables other than the independent variable.
In the above experiment, starch has to be eliminated and replaced with water. Water does not have starch hence the digestive enzyme being tested will not have any effects making the data and results from the experimental group reliable.
What is the strong tendency to believe that one's own culture is normal, natural, and superior to other cultures called
Answer: Ethnocentrism
Explanation:
Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency to see other people's culture i.e way of life such as mode of dressing, eating pattern, marital rites etc as INFERIOR, while ONLY your own culture is normal, natural and superior, and should therefore be adopted by all people.
Answer:
Ethnocentrism.
Explanation:
Ethnocentrism may be defined to explain the individual's behavior and thinking on the basis of culture. The ethnocentrism term was first used by William G. Sumner.
The ethnocentrism explain the strong association of the one's belief and its influence by the culture. The ethnocentrism create the feeling of the superiority of the culture and shows the judgmental behavior on the different culture.
Thus, the answer is ethnocentrism.
The second law of thermodynamics states that __________.
a) the total energy in the universe is increasing with time
b) all of the food energy eaten by an organism can be used by that organism
c) in any transformation, some of the original energy is converted to heat or light and the system becomes more disordered
d) the energy in the universe is constant
Answer: Option (c) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
According to the second law of thermodynamics, there will always be increase in entropy of the Universe.
And, entropy is the degree of randomness or disorderness. This means that more is the movement of particles of a system more will be the entropy of system.
During this process, some of the energy is lost in the form of heat or light due to which the system becomes more disordered in nature.
Thus, we can conclude that the second law of thermodynamics states that in any transformation, some of the original energy is converted to heat or light and the system becomes more disordered.
The second law of thermodynamics states that in any transformation, some of the original energy is converted to heat or light and the system becomes more disordered.
The second law of thermodynamics states that in any transformation, some of the original energy is converted to heat or light and the system becomes more disordered. This law is often referred to as the law of entropy. It explains that in any process, the total entropy of an isolated system will always increase or remain the same but never decrease.
Learn more about Second law of thermodynamics here:https://brainly.com/question/32826461
#SPJ3
Researchers hypothesized that cocaine is pharmacologically active in primate fetal brain when pregnant primates are administered cocaine at doses typically used by human drug users. What experimental observation best supports this hypothesis?
A. Glucose metabolism in the fetal brain increased
B. Imaging studies showed that cocaine entered the fetal circulation
C. The fetus had an increase in tolerance to pain
D. Imaging studies showed internalization of dopamine receptors
Answer:
Option A, Glucose metabolism in the fetal brain increased
Explanation:
Usage of cocaine during pregnancy is prohibited. However, in case if cocaine is taken it disrupts the metabolism as it increases brain glucose metabolism to the level of an adult human being. Since glucose metabolism in brain is a sensitive process, any disruption in it can lead to unaccounted effects such as dysfunctional circulation, and pharmacological effect. Cocaine increases the dopamine by blocking the dopamine transporters thereby increasing the Vmax. Since the brain of a child has all kind of neurochemical components, cocaine intakes by a pregnant woman produces reinforcing effects in brain of fetus and also make it pharmacologically active
Hence, option A is correct
Fats supply energy, cushion vital organs and protect them from injury, add flavor to food and move through the _______ system slowly helping you feel fuller longer.
Answer: Digestive system
Explanation:
Fat carries out many functions in the body of organisms. They are great source of energy especially when less amount of glucose is present in the body. They act as pads to many structures in the body.
Their roles in adding flavor to food is highly emphasized and their vehicular role in moving food in the gut have helped greatly in acquisition of nutrients by organisms
Assume that a black guinea pig crossed with an albino guinea pig produced 5 black offspring. When the albino was crossed with a second black guinea pig, 4 black and 3 albino offspring were produced. What genetic explanation would apply to these data?
A) Both albino and black= recessive
B) Albino= dominant, black= incompletely dominant
C) Albino and black= codominant
D) Albino= recessive, black= dominant
E) None of the above
Answer:
The correct answer is option D) Albino = recessive, black = dominant.
Explanation:
According to Mendel's Law of Dominance, of the two alleles which represent a gene, one can express itself even when in the presence of the other allele, that is in heterozygous state. This is called the Dominant allele. The other allele can express itself only in homozygous state. This is called the Recessive Allele.When a black guinea pig is crossed with an albino guinea pig, all black offspring (5) are obtained in the F1 generation.This indicates that the Black colour is dominant over the albino colour, as it masks the expressions of the albino phenotype.This also indicates that the genotype of the parent black guinea pig is homozygous dominant, as if it would have been heterozygous dominant then in the F1 generation there was a chance of formation of both black and albino offspring in 1 : 1 ratio.When a black guinea pig from the F1 generation is crossed with the albino guinea pig it gives both black (4) and albino (3) guinea pigs, roughly in the 1 : 1 ratio.This indicates that black guinea pig from the F1 generation was heterozygous dominant. This is why the recessive allele giving rise to the albino phenotype could express itself in the second cross.The second cross between F1 offspring and recessive parent is called the Test Cross.An insured has endured multiple surgeries and hospitalizations for an illness during the summer months. Her insurer no longer bills her for medical expenses. What term best describes the condition she has met?
Answer:
Stop loss limit.
Explanation:
The health insurance may be defined as a type of agency or policy that covers the medical expenses of the individual either fully or completely. The individual must pay some amount for the continuity of the health insurance.
The stop loss limit in a health insurance determines that the insurer do not pay for the medical expenses of an individual. This might occur when the insurance amount has been reached up to a certain limit and this limits the insurer loss.
Thus, the answer is stop loss limit.
The concept of __________ means that because of their genetic makeup, individuals differ in their responsiveness to qualities of the environment.
Answer: Behavioral genetics
Explanation: This concept indicates that our genes influence our environment and in return, the environment influences our genes. Behavioural genetics has therefore expressed gene-environment interactions on the behaviour of an individual.
The concept of the range of reaction means that because of their genetic makeup, individuals differ in their responsiveness to qualities of the environment.
Range of reaction is a concept that explains how genetic and environmental factors interact to shape an individual's development. According to this concept, our genes set the boundaries or limits within which we can develop and perform, while the environment determines where within those boundaries we will fall. This means that even though two people might have similar genetic potentials, their actual abilities and behaviors can differ based on their environmental experiences.
For example, if a person has a genetic predisposition for high intellectual potential but is raised in an environment that lacks educational resources or stimulation, they might not reach their full cognitive potential. Conversely, if the same person is raised in a rich and stimulating environment, they are more likely to achieve their highest potential.
A researcher gives the experimental group gingko biloba and the control group a placebo. In this example, what the groups receive is the _____ variable.
Answer:
The groups received the Independent variable.
Explanation:
In any experiment or research. There are two main variables, Independent variable and the dependent variable.
A variable is any entity that has quantity or quality that changes.
The independent variable is the variable that a scientist can change or manipulate and has a direct effect on the results of an experiment.
The dependent variable is the variable that is measured following a change in the independent variable.
Therefore, the group was given the independent variable since that is the variable the researcher could control and it will affect the results of the experiment.
Basidiomycetes are the only fungal group capable of synthesizing lignin peroxidase. What advantage does this group of fungi have over other fungi because of this capability?
Answer:
Bascidomycytes are one of the two large divisions within the fungi kingdom.
Explanation:
Bascidomycetes:- Bascidomycytes are one of the two large divisions within the fungi kingdom. they include certain groups such as mushrooms, puffballs, bracket fungi, jelly fungi etc.they are named so becuase these class fungi produce their basidia and basidiospores on or in a basidiocarp. The general life cycle of bascidomycetes is represented with the help of mushroom life cycle because they have close resemblances.
Advantages of Bascidomycetes
Producing multiple spores externally considered to be the distinct feature of this class of fungiThey posses two different extracellular enzyme responsible for the following:- polysaccharide degradation, consisting mainly of xylanases and cellulases, degradation of lignin and opens phenyl rings, consisting of laccases, ligninases, and peroxidases. The ability of this class of fungi to dergade lignocellulose makes it a useful and potential component for ethanol productionligninolytic system in bascidomycetes helps in degrading a wide range of xenobiotic compounds.the nurse completes dietary teaching with a client who has chronic kidney failure. the nurse determines more teaching is needed when the client makes which statement?
Answer:
The options
"I will eat more oranges and other foods with vitamin C."
"I should increase dairy products in my diet."
"I should add protein powder to my fruit smoothies."
The CORRECT ANSWER IS
"I will eat more oranges and other foods with vitamin C."
Explanation:
"I will eat more oranges and other foods with vitamin C."
Citrus fruits are rich in potassium and should be stayed away from, since kidneys find it difficult to remove the excess potassium. Examples of foods that are rich in potassium are dried fruits, avocado, tomato, potatoes, and bananas. This statement indicates that additional teaching is needed.
In kidney failure, the client stands a higer chance for hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, and hyperphosphatemia.
Potassium, is found in large amounts in citrus fruits and dried fruits, and there's need to take these fruits with caution.
Phosphorus is limited due to the important balance of potassium electrolyte with calcium. Protein is inhibited as the failure to remove uric acid, which is produced during protein metabolism, via the kidneys. Sodium, obtained in foods, is also restrained to avoid fluid overload and edema.
Observing how traits were passed on from parent to offspring in two trait inheritance experiments led Mendel to formulate the ________.
Answer:
Law of independent assortment
Explanation:
Gregor Mendel was attributed for discovering the principles that governs heredity. He performed experiments and observed the results in order to come up with this principles. One of these principles, which he called Law of Independent assortment, was discovered when he performed an experimental cross on pea plants using two observable traits i.e. dihybrid cross because it involved two genes encoding each trait.
In his law of independent assortment, he stated that a pair of allele of one gene separated into gametes independently of the other pair of allele for another gene. This means that the separation of the two alleles in a gene does not affect the separation of alleles in the other gene. Mendel got a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 when he performed the dihybrid cross, which is what one would normally expect if each allele get separated independently to produce four possible combination of gametes in each parent.
What does "adaptation" mean in an evolutionary context?
a. the ability of organisms to alter their appearance under changing environmental conditions
b. the accumulation of favorable variations in a population over time
c. the way an individual's body adjusts to its environment
d. all of the answers are correct
In an evolutionary context, adaptation refers to the accumulation of favorable variations in a population over time. These changes happen at a genetic level, allowing organisms to compete for resources effectively. An example of such adaptation is the development of longer necks in giraffes to reach higher leaves.
Explanation:In an evolutionary context, adaptation refers to b. the accumulation of favorable variations in a population over time. It involves changes in organisms at a genetic level over generations. Adaptations occur in response to changes in the environment that allow organisms to remain competitive for survival resources. These favorable traits become more common in the population over time.
An example might be the development of longer necks in giraffes, an adaptation that enabled them to reach higher leaves for sustenance and thus survive when low-lying food sources were scarce. Thus in essence, adaptation can be seen as nature's way of ensuring survival of a species in varying environmental conditions.
Learn more about Adaptation here:https://brainly.com/question/31886336
#SPJ2
The two main sources of genetic variation are:______. a) single-gene traits and polygenic traits. b) directional selection and disruptive selection. c) genotypes and phenotypes. d) gene shuffling and mutations.
Answer:
d) gene shuffling and mutations.
Explanation:
During meiosis-I, the exchange of genetic segments between the homologous chromosomes occurs. This is called crossing over. The recombinant chromatids formed during crossing over have new combinations of alleles that were otherwise not present in the parental chromatids. Similarly, the random assortment of alleles of different genes towards the opposite poles of the cell during anaphase-I also creates new gene combinations. These events of gene shuffling during meiosis recombine the genetic material and add genetic variations in the progeny.
When genetic material undergoes any random change in its sequence, the corresponding mRNA sequence is also altered. This results in the formation of faulty, nonfunctional, less functional or no protein from the mutated mRNA. Therefore, the sudden changes in DNA called mutations also add variations.
Final answer:
The two main sources of genetic variation are (d) gene shuffling and mutations.
Mutations are changes in the DNA that can lead to new traits, while sexual reproduction combines alleles from parents to create diverse offspring.
Explanation:
The two main sources of genetic variation are gene shuffling during sexual reproduction and mutations. Mutations are permanent changes in the DNA sequence and are the ultimate source of new alleles in any population. They can lead to different traits within a population, affecting an organism's appearance or phenotype. Sexual reproduction contributes to genetic diversity by allowing unique combinations of alleles to assemble, creating varied genotypes and phenotypes in offspring.
The majority of solutes that diffuse across the plasma membrane cannot move directly through the lipid bilayer. The passive movement of such solutes (down their concentration gradients without the input of cellular energy) requires the presence of specific transport proteins, either channels or carrier proteins. Diffusion through a transport protein in the plasma membrane is called facilitated diffusion. True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The plasma membrane does not allow the charged and polar substances to cross through its inner core that is made up of non-polar fatty acid tails of the phospholipids. Therefore, membrane proteins serve as transport proteins. Some of the transport proteins allow the movement of substances down the concentration gradient without any energy input. This passive movement of substances via membrane transport proteins is called facilitated diffusion.
Carriers and channels are the membrane proteins that facilitate the diffusion of substances. Carrier proteins pick the substances from one side of the membrane and undergo a change in shape to deliver the substance on the other side. Channel proteins make a passage for the movement of substances. Examples: aquaporins, ion channels.
The statement is true. The majority of solutes cannot move through the plasma membrane because of their size or polarity. Therefore, they require the help of transport proteins to cross the plasma membrane, a process known as facilitated diffusion.
Explanation:
The statement that the majority of solutes that diffuse across the plasma membrane cannot move directly through the lipid bilayer is true. These solutes require the presence of specific transport proteins, such as channels or carrier proteins. Diffusion through these transport proteins is called facilitated diffusion.
Learn more about Facilitated diffusion here:https://brainly.com/question/32884792
#SPJ3
Assume that in a series of experiments, plants with round seeds were crossed with plants with wrinkled seeds and the following offspring were obtained: 220 round and 180 wrinkled. (6 points total, 2 points each) (a) What is the most probable genotype of each parent? (b) What genotypic and phenotypic ratios are expected? (c) Based on the information provided in part (b), what are the expected numbers of progeny (400 total) of each phenotypic class?
Answer:
a) Rr and rr
b) Phenotypic ratio: 1/2 round, 1/2 wrinkled, Genotypic ratio: 1 (Rr) : 1 (rr)
c) 200 round, 200 wrinkled
Explanation:
Mendel performed experiments where he considered the genes coding for seed shape in them. The allele for round shape (R) is dominant over the allele for wrinkled shape (r). For question a, the parent exhibiting the dominant trait can either be homozygous (RR) or heterozygous (Rr). Since it was crossed with a parent with recessive trait (wrinkled seed shape), it will produce only offsprings with round seed shape if it is in a homozygous state(RR).
But some of the offsprings possessed wrinkled shape (recessive trait), hence, the probable genotype is heterozygous (Rr).
Question b: Based on the probable genotype of the parents in (a) above i.e. Rr and rr, a cross between them will yield offsprings with two phenotypes and genotypes.
The phenotypes will be half (1/2) of round-seeded plants, and half (1/2) of wrinkled seeded plants.
The genotype of the round-seeded offsprings will be Rr while that of the wrinked-seeded offsprings will be rr, in the ratio 2:2 or 1:1.
Question c: Based on the probable phenotypic ratio 1:1 in question b above, out of 400 progenies, 200 will be round-seeded while 200 will be wrinkled-seeded.
Identify which organisms can be infected by viruses. Choose one or more: A. Protists B. Bacteria C. Animals D. Plants E. Fungi F. Archaea
Answer:A. Protists B. Bacteria C. Animals D. Plants E. Fungi F. Archaea
Explanation:viruses are small non-living particles that contains hereditary materials.viruses attack cells of other organisms such as plants , bacteria ,archaea etc.
Viruses are acellular and contains either DNA or RNA.they cannot synthesis protein as they lack ribosomes ,so they use the ribosomes of the cell they have invaded to synthesize they proteins they need.
A virus usually has a central core surrounded by an outer protein coat called capsid.
Viruses can reproduce only within the living host cells and they are specific to the type of cells they attack.they attack plants through insect vectors or through openings on the plants.
Viruses can affect bacteria by injecting their nucleic acids through the cell wall and into the bacteria cell.such viruses are called bacteriophages.
Which biome has no large trees because much of the soil is frozen? A. chaparral B. desert C. savanna D. tundra
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Answer:
D. Tundra
Explanation:
Fatter sociable weaver birds spend more time foraging where they are vulnerable to predation, are more attractive to predators, and are less likely to escape an attack. Conversely, thin birds risk starvation. Therefore, sociable weaver of an intermediate weight have a selective advantage. This is an example of ____ selection.a. frequent
b. directional
c. disruptive
d. stabilizing
e. mutational
Answer:
d. stabilizing
Explanation:
When the intermediate phenotypes have a better survival fitness and are better adapted to the prevailing conditions, natural selection favors them. Over the generations, the organisms having the intermediate phenotype reproduce more and leave more progeny. In this way, the proportion of the intermediate phenotype in the population is increased over time. This process is called stabilizing selection.
In the given example, the sociable weavers with intermediate body-weight have a selective advantage as they easily escape predators with their relatively light body and can withstand the starvation. Therefore, natural selection increases their proportion over generations. This represents an example of stabilizing selection.
Sociable weaver birds of an intermediate weight being favored is an example of stabilizing selection. This type of selection favors the average phenotypes and reduces genetic variance by selecting against extreme traits, thus maintaining the status quo of the population.
Explanation:Fatter sociable weaver birds spend more time foraging where they are vulnerable to predation and are more attractive to predators, making them less likely to escape an attack. On the flip side, thin birds risk starvation. Thus, sociable weaver birds of an intermediate weight hold a selective advantage. This scenario is an illustration of stabilizing selection, where natural selection favors the intermediate phenotypes and selects against the extremes. This mechanism tends to maintain the status quo and reduces genetic variance within the population by favoring those individuals whose traits are more average.
Similarly, in human infants, very high or very low birth weights are associated with greater risks, promoting an intermediate, optimal weight through stabilizing selection. Contrastingly, in the case of the peppered moth during the Industrial Revolution, the environment changed, resulting in directional selection. The darker moths were favored because they blended in with the soot-covered environment, increasing their survival rate and changing the population's phenotype over time.
If you were designing a cord for television using two materials with different levels of electrical conductivity, for safety you would place the substance with ________ conductivity __________ the cord.
lower ; outside.
Explanation:
Conductivity of a given material is the measure of electrical current that can pass through the material.
A good conductor has high conductivity while a bad conductor has lower conductivity.
Insulators have zero conductivity.
While preparing the cord the material with lower conductivity should be used to construct outer layer of the chord so that accidental electrical shock and short circuit could be avoided .
A __________ is a currently valued style of behavior, thinking, or appearance that is longer lasting and more widespread than a fad.
Answer:fashion
Explanation:
During Meiosis, the alleles on each gene will separate individually into the gametes. This means that no matter what alleles were paired together in the parent, each gamete receives one allele. Mendel stated this to be the Law of
Answer:
It is the Law of Independent Assortment
Explanation:
Took it in my Biology class.
The Law of Segregation explains how alleles separate during gamete formation, following Mendel's First Law.
The Law of Segregation, also known as Mendel's First Law, states that during gamete formation, each member of the allelic pair separates from the other member to form the genetic constitution of the gamete. This process occurs during meiosis where alleles segregate and are passed individually to the next generation.
A student groups different types of cells as shown
Answer:
this question needs more information
While reviewing the basic information related to hemodialysis, the professor explains that water molecules move through adjacent phospholipid molecules in the cell membrane by:
Answer: Diffusion and osmosis
Explanation:
Water, like many molecules, wants to be at equilibrium; it wants to have an equal concentration on either side of the membrane. The movement of water across a membrane to reach equilibrium is called osmosis. Water molecules move through the phospholipid molecules in the cell membrane by osmosis.
Osmosis is a process through which the molecules pass through a semipermeable membrane across a concentration gradient. Water molecules pass from high concentration to low concentration.
Turbidity is a term used to describe water clarity, or how clear water is. Cloudy water is said to be turbid. Turbid water may be a result of a buildup of sediments, which are pieces of rocks that have been broken down and eroded or transported by surface runoff. Human activities that remove plants in an area may increase erosion.
Sediments can get into the gills of fish, which can then decrease their growth and delay development. Sediments prevent sunlight from reaching the producers of the aquatic ecosystem, such as algae. This in turn affects the food webs in this ecosystem.
Which human activities would most likely increase turbidity? Check all that apply.
cutting down trees
building roads in mountains
constructing buildings
planting gardens in vacant lots
removing sediments from sidewalks using water
Cutting down trees, building roads in mountains, constructing buildings and removing sediments from sidewalks using water does donate to increase the turbidity of water.
Explanation:Turbidity of water is formed due to a suspension formation of water and the dust and dirt along with several insoluble particles. This turbidity is actually formed in nature due to erosion by water or wind which gets deposited in water. Removing trees or construction of road leads to loosening of ground soil which is easily washed away by water. Construction of buildings also results in cutting of trees. The washing of sediments with water also increases the chance of turbidity of water.
Answer:
A,B,C,E
Explanation:
I did it myself. Have a great day/night. <3
Organisms with a circulating body fluid that is distinct from the fluid that directly surrounds the body's cells are likely to have _____.
Answer:
The correct answer is- a closed circulatory system.
Explanation:
There are two types of circulatory system, open circulatory system and closed circulatory system. In an open circulatory system, the blood flows through cavities and no blood vessels are present here from which blood can flow. Open circulatory system is found in invertebrates.
In organisms which have closed circulatory system, blood vessels are present in which blood flows and reaches to different cells in the body.
So in organisms that have closed circulatory system blood or body fluid does not directly surround the body cells as in the open circulatory system. So the right answer is-a closed circulatory system.
Final answer:
Organisms with distinct body and cell-surrounding fluids have a closed circulatory system, separating blood from interstitial fluid, unlike open systems where hemolymph mixes with interstitial fluid.
Explanation:
Organisms with a circulating body fluid that is distinct from the fluid that directly surrounds the body's cells are likely to have a closed circulatory system. In a closed circulatory system, the heart pumps blood through vessels that are separate from the interstitial fluid of the body. This is in contrast to an open circulatory system where a fluid called hemolymph is pumped into the body cavity and is mixed with the interstitial fluid. The earthworm, for instance, has a closed circulatory system, as do most vertebrates and some invertebrates.
In pea plants, the allele for inflated pod seed, I, is dominant over the allele for constricted pod seed, i. The Punnett square shows a cross for this trait. Which offspring will be homozygous dominant?
Answer:
The offspring which carries the allele II will be homozygous dominant.
Explanation:
A dominant trait can be described as a trait which masks the effect of a recessive trait. A recessive trait can be described as a trait which gets masked by the dominant trait.
A homozygous dominant trait occurs when both the alleles for the gen are dominant. A heterozygous dominant trait occurs when one allele is dominant and the other is recessive for the trait.
Hence, a homozygous dominant trait will carry the alleles II.
Answer
II
Explanation: