C play all the songs on shuffle. entropy has to do with randomness
Answer:
play all the songs on shuffle APEX
Explanation:
Two charged spheres are 20 cm apart and exert an attractive force of 8 x 10-9 n on each other. What will the force of attraction be when the spheres are moved to 10 cm apart?
Answer:
[tex]3.2\cdot 10^{-8} N[/tex]
Explanation:
The inital electrostatic force between the two spheres is given by:
[tex]F=k\frac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}[/tex]
where
[tex]F=8\cdot 10^{-9} N[/tex] is the initial force
k is the Coulomb's constant
q1 and q2 are the charges on the two spheres
r is the distance between the two spheres
The problem tells us that the two spheres are moved from a distance of r=20 cm to a distance of r'=10 cm. So we have
[tex]r'=\frac{r}{2}[/tex]
Therefore, the new electrostatic force will be
[tex]F'=k\frac{q_1 q_2}{(r')^2}=k\frac{q_1 q_2}{(r/2)^2}=4k\frac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}=4F[/tex]
So the force has increased by a factor 4. By using [tex]F=8\cdot 10^{-9} N[/tex], we find
[tex]F'=4(8\cdot 10^{-9} N)=3.2\cdot 10^{-8} N[/tex]
The force of attraction between the soheres when they are 10cm apart is 3.2 * 10^-8 N
what is force of attraction?This is the force pulling bodies together given by
the force of attration, F = ( G q1 q2 ) / d^2
G refera to constant of attraction
q1 and q2 is the charges of the objects
d is the distance between the objects
G q1 q2 are all constant with respect to this question
let K = G * q1 * q2
F = k / d^2
for d = 20 cm = 0.2 m
F20 = k / 0.2^2
8*10^-9 = k / 0.2^2
K = 8*10^-9 *0.2^2
K = 3.2*10^-10
for d = 10 cm = 0.1 m
F10 = K / d^2
= (3.2*10^-10) * 0.1^2
= 3.2*10^-8 N
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In Burglar alarm LDR acts as a/an
a. off switch
b. on switch
c. AND gate
d. OR gate
In Burglar alarm, LDR acts an AND gate.
Answer: C
Explanation
The LDR is light dependent resistor. The principle used in the working of LDR is that the resistance is inversely proportional to the intensity of light falling on the diode.
In burglar alarm, LDR diode is combined with an IC 555.
Normally an LED source is made to be incident on the LDR diode with same intensity such that the resistance will be maintained constant.
As the LDR is connected with IC, the voltage will be high when light is falling on the diode.
The IC will give only two output states that is high and low. This confirms that LDR in burglar alarm act as AND gate.
As the thief enters and crosses the LED light, the intensity of the light falling on the diode will decrease leading to decrease in the voltage which will cause the alarm to beep.
In a Burglar alarm, LDR acts as an AND gate. Option C is correct. This is further explained below.
What is an alarm?Generally, an alarm is simply defined as a danger signal, generally in the form of loud noise or flashing light: If there's a problem, pull the safety cord to sound the alarm.
In conclusion, LDR serves as an AND gate in a security alarm.
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Viewers of Star Trek hear of an antimatter drive on the Starship Enterprise. One possibility for such a futuristic energy source is to store antimatter charged particles in a vacuum chamber, circulating in a magnetic field, and then extract them as needed. Antimatter annihilates with normal matter, producing pure energy. What strength (in T) magnetic field is needed to hold antiprotons, moving at 5.70 ✕ 107 m/s in a circular path 2.60 m in radius? Antiprotons have the same mass as protons but the opposite (negative) charge. (Enter the magnitude.)
Answer:
0.23 T
Explanation:
The magnetic force exerted on the antiproton must be equal to the centripetal force, since it is a circular motion, therefore we can write:
[tex]qvB = m\frac{v^2}{r}[/tex]
where
[tex]q=1.6\cdot 10^{-19}C[/tex] is the charge of the antiprotons
[tex]v=5.70\cdot 10^7 m/s[/tex] is the speed of the antiprotons
B is the magnitude of the magnetic field
[tex]m=1.67\cdot 10^{-27}kg[/tex] is the antiproton mass
r = 2.60 m is the radius of the orbit
Solving the equation for B, we find the strength of the magnetic field:
[tex]B=\frac{mv}{qr}=\frac{(1.67\cdot 10^{-27} kg)(5.70\cdot 10^7 m/s)}{(1.6\cdot 10^{-19}C)(2.60 m)}=0.23 T[/tex]
To hold antiprotons in a magnetic field, while moving at 5.70 × 10⁷ m/s in a circular path of radius 2.60 m, the strength of the magnetic field required is approximately 0.60 T.
Explanation:The question deals with the concept of holding antiprotons in a magnetic field, typically a topic in physics related to magnetic force on charged particles. The formula governing this phenomenon is F = qvBsin(θ), where F is the magnetic force, q is the charge, v is the speed, B is the magnetic field strength, and θ is the angle between the velocity and the magnetic field.
Here, sin(θ) is 1 because the field and velocity are perpendicular. The force in this case is a centripetal force because the particle is moving in a circle, so F can be equated to mv²/r. Solving for B, we have B = mv/(qr).
Given that the speed (v) of the antiprotons is 5.70 × 10⁷ m/s and the radius (r) of the circular path is 2.60 m, the mass (m) of a proton (same as an antiproton) is 1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg, and the charge (q) equivalent to the basic charge of an electron is 1.60 x 10⁻¹⁹ C, we can substitute these values into the equation:
B = (1.67 × 10⁻²⁷ kg × 5.70 × 10⁷ m/s) / (1.60 x 10⁻¹⁹ C × 2.60 m) ≈ 0.60 T (or Tesla)
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You can increase the capacitance of a capacitor by A. Decreasing the plate spacing B. Increasing the plate spacing. ° C. Decreasing the area of the plates. D. Increasing the area of the plates. E. Both A and D F. Both B and C
You can increase the capacitance of a capacitor by decreasing the plate spacing (A) or by increasing the area of the plates (D).
'A' and 'D' both do the job, so the correct choice is (E) .
Capacitance is the effect of a capacitor. We can increase the capacitance of the capacitor by decreasing the plate spacing and by increasing the area of the plates.
What is capacitance?The capacitance is the effect of a capacitor, while a capacitor is a device that stores the electrical energy into it. The energy stored in a capacitor can be calculated by the formula,
[tex]U = \dfrac{1 \times Q^2}{2 \times C} = \dfrac{1 \times Q}{2 \times V} = \dfrac{1}{2}CV^2[/tex]
What affects the capacitance of a capacitor?The following things affect the capacitance of a capacitor:
The area of the plates, (Directly proportional).The distance between the plates, (Inversely proportional).The ability of the dielectric to support electrostatic forces (the dielectric).Thus, We can increase the capacitance of the capacitor by decreasing the plate spacing and by increasing the area of the plates.
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Based on the model you saw in the study, predict what will happen to the motion of the water molecules as the temperature decreases?
From the information given about the topic I would say that the molecules will move more quickly.
The molecules will move more slowly
A batter hits a foul ball. The 0.140-kg baseball that was approaching him at 40.0 m/s leaves the bat at 30.0 m/s in a direction perpendicular to the line between the batter and the pitcher. What is the magnitude of the impulse delivered to the baseball?
Given in the question,
mass of foul ball = 0.140 kg
initial speed with which ball was hit with the bat = 30 m/s
final speed = 40 m/s
According to the scenario the whole scene is making a right angle triangle
So, to the solve the question we will use pythagorus theorem
Hypotenuse² = base² + height²Here,
Hypotenuse= Magnitude of impulse
Base = 1st change of momentum
height = 2nd change of momentum
1st impulse (1st change of momentum)
p = m(1)v(1) = (0.14 kg)(40.0 m/s) = 5.6 kg m / s = 5.6 N s
2nd impulse (2nd change of momentum)
p = m(2)v(2) = (0.14 kg)(30.0 m/s) = 4.2 kg m / s = 4.2 N s
Magnitude of impulse (hypotenuse of triangle)
impulse² = (5.6)² + (4.2)²
impulse² = 31.36 + 17.64
impulse² = 49
impulse² = √49
impulse = 7.0 N s
The magnitude of the impulse delivered to the baseball by applying the impulse-momentum theorem is calculated to be 9.8 kg.m/s.
Explanation:The magnitude of the impulse delivered to the baseball can be found by applying the impulse-momentum theorem. The theorem asserts that the change in momentum of an object equals the impulse imposed on it. In the context of this question, the momentum change is the final momentum minus the initial one (m*(vf) - m*(vi)). This equals 0.140 Kg * 30.0 m/s - (-0.140 Kg * 40.0 m/s). Calculating this we get 9.8 kg.m/s as the magnitude of the impulse delivered to the baseball.
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If a certain material heats up quickly and cools down quickly, the material likely has
Low specific heat in the material
Two identical cars are traveling at the same speed. One is heading due east and the other due north, as the drawing shows. Which statement is true regarding the kinetic energies and momenta of the cars?A) They have the same kinetic energies, but different momenta.B) They have different kinetic energies, but the same momenta.C) They have the same kinetic energies and the same momenta.D) They have different kinetic energies and different momenta.
Answer:
A) They have the same kinetic energies, but different momenta.
Explanation:
Before answering, let's remind that:
- Kinetic energy is a scalar quantity, which is given by:
[tex]K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]
where m is the mass of the object and v is the speed.
- Momentum is a vector quantity, whose magnitude is given by:
[tex]p=mv[/tex]
where m is the mass of the object and v is the velocity, and whose direction is the same as the velocity.
By looking at the two definitions, we can say that:
- the two cars have same kinetic energy, because they have same mass and same speed
- The two cars have different momenta, because they do not have same velocity (in fact, their directions are different, since one is heading east and the other one is heading north)
The identical cars traveling at the same speed will have the same kinetic energies, but different momenta because momentum is a vector quantity dependent on direction.
Explanation:The correct answer would be A) They have the same kinetic energies, but different momenta.
The two identical cars traveling at the same speed will have identical kinetic energies since kinetic energy depends only on mass and speed. The kinetic energy (KE) of an object can be calculated using the formula KE=1/2mv², where m is the mass and v is the speed of the object. Therefore, since the cars are identical and moving at the same speed, their kinetic energies will be the same.
However, their momenta will be different because momentum is a vector quantity, meaning direction matters. The formula for momentum is p=mv, where m is mass and v is velocity (speed in a given direction). Since one car is going east and the other is going north, their momenta are in different directions, hence, their momenta are different.
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Which wave requires a physical medium through which to travel?
Sound wave requires a physical medium to travel.
What is sound wave?A sound wave can be defined to be comprises of substituting compressions and rarefactions or areas of high and low pressure, moving at a specific speed. Sound wave also comprises of an occasional (that is, wavering or vibrating) variety of pressure happening around the balance pressure winning at a specific time and spot.Sound wave requires a medium in order to propagate while the light wave doesn't need the medium to propagate.Sound is a longitudinal wave.Basically Sound is a energy which moves from one point to the another in the form of wave.The intensity of sound will be completely different.E.g: Cell phone ringing - It gives both sound wave, vibrations, pressure, etc..Sound can be differentiated according to the intensities.Waves below 20 Hz are called infrasonic waves (infrasound), while higher frequencies above 20,000 Hz are known as ultrasonic waves (ultrasound).
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A light beam travels at 1.94×108 in quartz. The wavelength of the light in quartz is 355 .Part AWhat is the index of refraction of quartz at this wavelength?Part BIf this same light travels through air, what is its wavelength there?
A) 1.55
The speed of light in a medium is given by:
[tex]v=\frac{c}{n}[/tex]
where
[tex]c=3\cdot 10^8 m/s[/tex] is the speed of light in a vacuum
n is the refractive index of the material
In this problem, the speed of light in quartz is
[tex]v=1.94\cdot 10^8 m/s[/tex]
So we can re-arrange the previous formula to find n, the index of refraction of quartz:
[tex]n=\frac{c}{v}=\frac{3\cdot 10^8 m/s}{1.94\cdot 10^8 m/s}=1.55[/tex]
B) 550.3 nm
The relationship between the wavelength of the light in air and in quartz is
[tex]\lambda=\frac{\lambda_0}{n}[/tex]
where
[tex]\lambda[/tex] is the wavelenght in quartz
[tex]\lambda_0[/tex] is the wavelength in air
n is the refractive index
For the light in this problem, we have
[tex]\lambda=355 nm\\n=1.55[/tex]
Therefore, we can re-arrange the equation to find [tex]\lambda_0[/tex], the wavelength in air:
[tex]\lambda_0 = n\lambda=(1.55)(355 nm)=550.3 nm[/tex]
Final answer:
The index of refraction of quartz at the given wavelength is approximately 1.55. The wavelength of the same light in air would be approximately 549 nm.
Explanation:
Part A: Index of Refraction of Quartz
The index of refraction (n) is given by the formula n = c/v, where c is the speed of light in a vacuum, and v is the speed of light in the material. Here, we are given the speed of light in a quartz (v_quartz) as 1.94×108 m/s. Using the speed of light in a vacuum (c) as 3.00×108 m/s, we can calculate the index of refraction of quartz as follows:
n_quartz = c / v_quartz
n_quartz = (3.00×108 m/s) / (1.94×108 m/s)
n_quartz = 1.55
Part B: Wavelength in Air
Since the frequency of light remains constant when transitioning between mediums, its wavelength in air (λ_air) can be found using the same frequency. Using the formula λ = v/f, where v_air is the speed of light in air and f is the frequency, we get:
λ_air = c / f
Since c = v_air and n_quartz = c / v_quartz,
we can write
f = v_quartz / λ_quartz
Now, plug the value of f back into the first equation:
λ_air = v_air / (v_quartz / λ_quartz)
λ_air = (3.00×108 m/s) / (1.94×108 m/s) × 355 nm
λ_air ≈ 549 nm
A policeman in a stationary car measures the speed of approaching cars by means of an ultrasonic device that emits a sound with a frequency of 41.2 khz. A car is approaching him at a speed of 33.0 m/s. The wave is reflected by the car and interferes with the emitted sound producing beats. What is the frequency of the beats? The speed of sound in air is 330 m/s.
Answer:
4.4 kHz
Explanation:
The frequency of the beats is given by the frequency of the original ultrasound, [tex]f=41.2 kHz[/tex], and the frequency of the ultrasound reflected back from the car, [tex]f'[/tex]:
[tex]f_B = f'-f[/tex] (1)
The frequency of the reflected wave can be found by using the Doppler effect formula:
[tex]f'=\frac{v}{v-v_s}f[/tex]
where
v = 340 m/s is the speed of sound
[tex]v_s =33.0 m/s[/tex] is the speed of the car
[tex]f=41.2 kHz[/tex] is the frequency of the original sound
Substituting,
[tex]f'=\frac{340 m/s}{340 m/s-33.0 m/s}(41.2 kHz)=45.6 kHz[/tex]
So, the beat frequency (1) is
[tex]f_B = 45.6 kHz - 41.2 kHz=4.4 kHz[/tex]
The frequency of the beats is about 9.2 kHz
[tex]\texttt{ }[/tex]
Further explanationLet's recall the Doppler Effect formula as follows:
[tex]\boxed {f' = \frac{v + v_o}{v - v_s} f}[/tex]
f' = observed frequency
f = actual frequency
v = speed of sound waves
v_o = velocity of the observer
v_s = velocity of the source
Let's tackle the problem!
[tex]\texttt{ }[/tex]
Given:
actual frequency = f = 41.2 kHz
velocity of the car = v_c = 33.0 m/s
speed of sound in air = v = 330 m/s
Asked:
frequency of the beats = Δf = ?
Solution:
Firstly , we will calculate the observed frequency by using the formula of Doppler Effect as follows:
[tex]f' = \frac{v + v_c}{v - v_c} \times f[/tex]
[tex]f' = \frac{330 + 33}{330 - 33} \times 41.2[/tex]
[tex]f' = \frac{363}{297} \times 41.2[/tex]
[tex]f' = \frac{11}{9} \times 41.2[/tex]
[tex]f' = 50 \frac{16}{45} \texttt{ kHz}[/tex]
[tex]f' \approx 50.4 \texttt{ kHz}[/tex]
[tex]\texttt{ }[/tex]
Next , we could calculate the frequency of the beats as follows:
[tex]\Delta f = f' - f[/tex]
[tex]\Delta f \approx 50.4 - 41.2[/tex]
[tex]\Delta f \approx 9.2 \texttt{ kHz}[/tex]
[tex]\texttt{ }[/tex]
Conclusion:The frequency of the beats is about 9.2 kHz
[tex]\texttt{ }[/tex]
Learn moreDoppler Effect : https://brainly.com/question/3841958Example of Doppler Effect : https://brainly.com/question/810552[tex]\texttt{ }[/tex]
Answer detailsGrade: College
Subject: Physics
Chapter: Sound Waves
A gas bottle contains 0.650 mol of gas at 730 mm Hg pressure. If the final pressure is 1.15 atm, how many moles of gas were added to the bottle?
Answer: 0.129 moles of gas were added to the bottle
Explanation:
According to the ideal gas equation:'
[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]
P = Pressure of the gas
V= Volume of the gas
T= Temperature of the gas
R= Gas constant
n= moles of gas
As Volume , gas constant and temperature are constant
[tex]\frac{P_1}{n_1}=\frac{P_2}{n _2}[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_1[/tex] = initial pressure of gas =730 mm Hg =0.960 atm (760 mmHg = 1 atm)
[tex]P_2[/tex] = final pressure of gas = 1.15 atm
[tex]n_1[/tex] = initial number of moles = 0.650
[tex]n_2[/tex] = final number of moles = ?
Now put all the given values in the above equation, we get the final moles of gas.
[tex]\frac{0.960}{0.650}=\frac{1.15}{n_2}[/tex]
[tex]n_2=0.779[/tex]
Therefore, the number of moles of gas will be 0.779
Thus moles of gas were added to the bottle are (0.779-0.650) = 0.129
Final answer:
To determine how many moles of gas were added to the gas bottle, we used the Ideal Gas Law relation between pressure and moles, converting pressures to the same units and found approximately 0.129 moles were added.
Explanation:
To determine how many moles of gas were added to the bottle, we can use the Ideal Gas Law: PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature. Since the volume and temperature of the gas are constant (not mentioned in the problem, so assumed constant), the relationship between pressure and moles of gas is a direct one. This means that by dividing the final pressure by the initial pressure, we should get the ratio of the final moles to the initial moles.
Firstly, we need to make sure pressure units are consistent. We convert the initial pressure from mm Hg to atm: 730 mm Hg × (1 atm / 760 mm Hg) = 0.9605 atm.
Now, we use the ratio of the pressures to find out the number of moles after additional gas was added:
Initial moles (ni) = 0.650 mol at Pi = 0.9605 atm
Final pressure (Pf) = 1.15 atm
Ratio of pressures = Pf / Pi = 1.15 atm / 0.9605 atm
Final moles (nf) = ni × (Pf / Pi)
nf = 0.650 mol × (1.15 / 0.9605)
nf ≈ 0.779 moles
The amount of moles added can be found by subtracting the initial moles from the final moles:
n added = nf - ni
n added = 0.779 mol - 0.650 mol
n added ≈ 0.129 moles
explain the conditions in which a person can or can’t hear a echo
When your in the mountains or in a quiet room
Answer:
Explained
Explanation:
The necessary condition for an echo to occur are
1) The distance between the sound source and the object of reflection must be equal to or greater than 17 meters.
2) the time period between hearing the original sound and the echo must not be less than 0.1 second, because human ear is not that sensitive to distinguish between two sounds within a gap of time less than 0.1 second.
Which of the following are found within the electromagnetic spectrum? Check all that apply. sound waves visible light X rays ultraviolet radiation gamma rays microwave radiation
Answer:
Visible light
X rays
ultraviolet radiation
gamma rays
microwave radiation
Explanation:
Electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields which vibrate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of motion of the wave (transverse wave). Electromagnetic waves have all same speed in a vacuum ([tex]c=3.0\cdot 10^8 m/s[/tex], known as speed of light) and are classified into 7 different types according to their frequency and wavelength. This classification is called electromagnetic spectrum.
From lowest to highest wavelength, the 7 types are:
Gamma rays
X-rays
Ultraviolet radiation
Visible light
Infrared radiation
Microwaves
Radio waves
Sound waves, on the contrary, do not belong to the electromagnetic spectrum, since they are another type of wave called mechanical waves (which consist of vibrations of the particles in a medium).
A 5.6 cm diameter parallel-plate capacitor has a 0.58 mm gap. What is the displacement current in the capacitor if the potential difference across the capacitor is increasing at 500,000 V/s?
Answer:
[tex]1.88\cdot 10^{-5} A[/tex]
Explanation:
The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is given by:
[tex]C=\frac{\epsilon_0 A}{d}[/tex] (1)
where
[tex]\epsilon_0[/tex] is the vacuum permittivity
A is the area of the plates
d is the separation between the plates
The charge stored on the capacitor is given by
[tex]Q=CV[/tex] (2)
where C is the capacitance and V is the voltage across the capacitor.
The displacement current in the capacitor is given by
[tex]J=\frac{Q}{t}[/tex] (3)
where t is the time elapsed
Substituting (1) and (2) into (3), we find an expression for the displacement current:
[tex]J=\frac{CV}{t}=\frac{\epsilon_0 A}{d} \frac{V}{t}[/tex]
where we have
[tex]A=\pi (\frac{d}{2})^2=\pi (\frac{0.056 m}{2})^2=2.46\cdot 10^{-3} m^2[/tex]
[tex]d = 0.58 mm = 5.8\cdot 10^{-4} m[/tex]
[tex]\frac{V}{t}=500,000 V/s[/tex]
Substituting into the equation, we find
[tex]J=\frac{(8.85\cdot 10^{-12} F/m)(2.46\cdot 10^{-3} m^2)}{5.8\cdot 10^{-4}m}(500,000 V/s)=1.88\cdot 10^{-5} A[/tex]
The displacement current in the parallel-plate capacitor is approximately 0.024 A.
Explanation:The displacement current in the capacitor can be calculated using the formula I = ε₀A(dV/dt), where ε₀ is the permittivity of free space, A is the area of the plates, and dV/dt is the rate of change of potential difference.
Given that the diameter of the capacitor is 5.6 cm, we can calculate the radius (r) by dividing the diameter by 2. The area (A) of the plates is then πr².
Plugging in the given values and solving for I, we get:
I = (8.85×10⁻¹² F/m)(π(0.028 m)²)(500,000 V/s)
I ≈ 0.024 A
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Nuclei with too many neutrons undergo _____ emission as neutrons are converted to protons.
What are the three major categories of galaxies?
On 1930 the astronomer Edwin Hubble classified the galaxies into elliptical, spiral and irregular, being the first two classes the most frequent.
However, it should be noted that this classification is based only on the visual appearance of the galaxy, and does not take into account other aspects, such as the rate of star formation or the activity of the galactic nucleus.
The classification is as follows:
1. Elliptical galaxies:Their main characteristic is that the concentration of stars decreases from the nucleus, which is small and very bright, towards its edges. In addition, they contain a large population of old stars, usually little gas and dust, and some newly formed stars.
They are symbolized by the letter E and subdivided into eight classes, from E0 with zero eccentricity (spherical) to E7 (called husiform).
2. Spiral galaxies:They have the shape of flattened disks containing some old stars and also a large population of young stars, enough gas and dust, and molecular clouds that are the birthplace of the stars.
They are symbolized with the letter S and depending on the minor or major development that each arm possesses, it is assigned a letter: a, b or c (for example: Sa, Sb, Sc, SBa, SBb, SBc).
These galaxies, are also divided into two types:
-Lenticular galaxies
-Barred spiral galaxies
3. Irregular Galaxies:They are symbolized by the letter I (or IR), although they are usually dwarf or rare and do not have well-defined structure and symmetry.
They are classified in:
-Irregular type 1 (Magellanic), which contain large numbers of young stars and interstellar matter.
-Regular type 2, less frequent and whose content is difficult to identify.
This type of irregular galaxies are generally located close to larger galaxies, and usually contain large amounts of young stars, gas and cosmic dust.
What causes water pipes to break in freezing weather
Water pipes burst because the water inside them expands is it gets close to freezing, and this causes an increase in pressure inside the pipe. When the pressure gets too high for the pipe to contain, it ruptures.
Water pipes can break in freezing weather when the water inside them expands and creates pressure. Different pipe materials have different coefficients of thermal expansion, affecting their susceptibility to breaking.
Explanation:When water pipes freeze, the water inside them expands as it turns into ice. This expansion creates pressure on the walls of the pipe, which can cause it to crack or burst. The pressure is typically highest towards the closed faucet or valve, as the ice formation blocks water from flowing out.
The materials used to make the pipes also play a role in their susceptibility to breaking. Different materials have different coefficients of thermal expansion, which determines how much they expand or contract with temperature changes. Some materials, like Pyrex®, have a small coefficient of thermal expansion and are less likely to break.
It's important to note that freezing temperatures alone may not immediately cause the pipes to break. However, if the frozen water remains in the pipe for an extended period and the outside temperature remains cold, the expanding ice can eventually lead to pipe failure.
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In a crystal of salt there are electrons and positive ions. How does the net charge of the electrons compare with the net charge of the ions?
Final answer:
In a crystal of salt, the net charge of the electrons is equal to the net charge of the ions, resulting in a zero net charge due to the formation of ionic bonds between oppositely charged ions.
Explanation:
In a crystal of salt, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), the net charge of the electrons compares with the net charge of the ions to ensure overall electrical neutrality. Each sodium ion (Na+) loses one electron becoming positively charged, while each chlorine ion (Cl-) gains an electron becoming negatively charged. There is an equal number of Na+ and Cl- ions, resulting in a balanced, zero net charge within the crystalline structure.
Salt crystals are formed through ionic bonds, which occur when metals like sodium lose electrons to become positively charged, and nonmetals like chlorine gain electrons to achieve a negatively charged state. The opposite charges attract, creating a strong electrostatic force that holds the ions together. Ionic compounds are electrically neutral because of this balance between the positively and negatively charged ions.
The product nuclei may or may not be _______
Answer:
i have no clue
Explanation:
Jorge traveled 5 miles to school. After school, he traveled 1 mile to the Boys and Girls club and then traveled 6 miles back home. What was the distance of Jorge’s trip?
A. 0 miles
B. 5 miles
C. 11 miles
D. 12 miles
I'm not completely sure what you mean by his "trip".
You've described three trips that day:
==> from home to school
==> from school to the club, and
==> from the club to home.
You also clearly listed the distance for each of those trips, so I don't think that's what you're asking.
I think you're asking about Jorge's total distance for the day, after he finished all three trips.
That distance is (5mi + 1mi + 6mi) = 12 miles. (choice-D)
Consider motion in one dimension. (The sign of the vector quantities is their direction indicator.) An object moves in the positive x-direction with speed 0.9 m/s for 3.6 s. It stops for 4.7 s and then moves in the negative x direction with speed 1 m/s for 2.9 s. What is the total distance traveled by the object in units of meter? Enter a number with two digits behind the decimal point.
Answer:
6.14 m
Explanation:
The motion of the object is divided into three parts:
- Part 1: the object moves with speed
v = +0.9 m/s (the positive sign means positive x-direction)
for t = 3.6 s
Therefore, the distance covered is
[tex]d_1 =vt=(0.9 m/s)(3.6 s)=3.24 m[/tex]
- Part 2: the object stops for 4.7 s, so during this time the distance travelled by the object is zero.
- Part 3: the object moves with speed
v = -1 m/s (negative sign means negative x-direction)
for a time of
t = 2.9 s
We are only concerned in the distance travelled, so we can ignore the negative sign, and the distance covered in this part is
[tex]d_3 = vt=(1 m/s)(2.9 s)=2.90 m[/tex]
So, the total distance covered is
[tex]d=d_1+d_2+d_3=3.24 m+0 +2.90 m=6.14 m[/tex]
The work function for silver is 4.73 eV. (a) Find the cutoff wavelength for silver. (b) What is the lowest frequency of light incident on silver that releases photoelectrons from its surface? Hz (c) If photons of energy 6.41 eV are incident on silver, what is the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectrons? eV
(a) 263 nm
First of all, let's convert the work function for silver from eV to Joules:
[tex]\phi = 4.73 eV \cdot (1.6\cdot 10^{-19} J/eV)=7.57\cdot 10^{-19} J[/tex]
The energy of the incoming photon is given by:
[tex]E=\frac{hc}{\lambda}[/tex]
where h is the Planck constant, c is the speed of light, [tex]\lambda[/tex] is the photon's wavelength.
The cutoff wavelength is the minimum wavelength for which the photon has enough energy to extract the photoelectron from the material: that means, the wavelength at which the energy of the photon is at least equal to the work function of the material,
[tex]E=\phi[/tex]
Substituting and solving for the wavelength,
[tex]\frac{hc}{\lambda}=\phi\\\lambda=\frac{hc}{\phi}=\frac{(6.63\cdot 10^{-34}Js)(3\cdot 10^8 m/s)}{7.57\cdot 10^{-19} J}=2.63\cdot 10^{-7} m = 263 nm[/tex]
(b) [tex]1.14\cdot 10^{15}Hz[/tex]
The lowest frequency of light incident on silver that releases photoelectrons from its surface is the frequency corresponding to the wavelength we found at point (a); using the relationship between frequency and wavelength:
[tex]f = \frac{c}{\lambda}[/tex]
And substituting numbers, we find
[tex]f = \frac{3\cdot 10^8 m/s}{2.63\cdot 10^{-7} m}=1.14\cdot 10^{15}Hz[/tex]
(c) 1.68 eV
The equation for the photoelectric effect is:
[tex]E=\phi + K_{max}[/tex]
where
E is the energy of the incoming photon
[tex]\phi[/tex] is the work function
[tex]K_max[/tex] is the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons
Since
E = 6.41 eV
[tex]\phi = 4.73 eV[/tex]
The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is
[tex]K_{max}=E-\phi=6.41 eV-4.73 eV=1.68 eV[/tex]
WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST!!!
Which describes how a simple machine can make work easier?
A.
It magnifies the input force so that force is greater.
B.
It magnifies the potential energy so that the kinetic energy is greater.
C.
It magnifies the output force so that the input force is greater.
D.
It magnifies the kinetic energy so that the potential energy is greater.
A simple machine can make work easier by reduce the amount of energy needed to perform a task, therefore, B. it magnifies the potential energy so that the kinetic energy is greater is the correct answer:)
An unknown particle moves in a straight line through crossed electric and magnetic fields with e = 1.5 kv/m and b = 0.034 t. if the electric field is turned off, the particle moves in a circular path of radius r = 2.7 cm. what might the particle be
Answer:
Alpha particle
Explanation:
Initially, the particle moves in a straight line. This means that the electric force and the magnetic force are equal:
[tex]qE=qvB[/tex]
where q is the charge, E is the electric field, v is the speed and B is the magnetic field.
In this problem,
E = 1.5 kV/m = 1500 V/m
B = 0.034 T
Solving the equation for v we find the speed of the particle
[tex]v=\frac{E}{B}=\frac{1500 V/m}{0.034 T}=4.41\cdot 10^4 m/s[/tex]
Now the electric field is turned off, so the particle starts moving in a circular motion, where the magnetic force acts as centripetal force:
[tex]qvB=m\frac{v^2}{r}[/tex]
where
r = 2.7 cm = 0.027 m is the radius of the circular path
Solving the problem for q/m, we find charge-to-mass ratio of the particle
[tex]\frac{q}{m}=\frac{v}{Br}=\frac{4.41\cdot 10^4 m/s}{(0.034 T)(0.027 m)}=4.8\cdot 10^7 C/kg[/tex]
And this corresponds to the q/m ratio of an alpha particle, which has:
[tex]q=2e=3.2\cdot 10^{-19}C\\m=4a.m.u.=6.64\cdot 10^{-27} kg[/tex]
The mass of the particle depends on the type of particle, and the radius of
the path of the particle depend on its mass.
The particle might be an alpha particle.
Reasons:
The given parameters are;
Electric potential of the field, E = 1.5 kV/m
Magnetic field strength, B = 0.034 T
Radius of the circular path, r = 2.7 cm
Required:
Finding the type of particle in the question
Solution:
When moving in a straight line, we have;
B·q·v = F = q·E
Therefore;
E = B·v
When the particle moves in a circular path, we have;
[tex]q\cdot E = B \cdot q \cdot v = \mathbf{\dfrac{m \cdot v^2}{r}}[/tex]
Therefore;
[tex]v = \dfrac{B \cdot q \cdot r }{m}[/tex]
Which gives;
[tex]E = \dfrac{B \cdot q \cdot r }{m} \times B = \dfrac{B^2 \cdot q \cdot r }{m}[/tex]
[tex]\mathrm{The \ mass \ of \ the \ particle, \, m} = \mathbf{\dfrac{B^2 \cdot q \cdot r }{E}}[/tex]
q = n × e
Therefore;
[tex]m = \mathbf{\dfrac{B^2 \cdot n \cdot e \cdot r }{E}}[/tex]
Where;
n = The number of electron charge
Which gives the mass in kilograms as follows;
[tex]m = \dfrac{0.034^2 \times n\times 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \times 0.027 }{1500} = \mathbf{3.32928 \times 10^{-27} \times n}[/tex]
The particle is larger than a subatomic particle
Therefore;
[tex]\dfrac{m}{n} = 3.32928 \times 10^{-27}[/tex]
For an alpha particle, we have;
m ≈ 6.645 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
n = 2
n = 2
Therefore;
[tex]\dfrac{6.645 \times 10^{-27}}{2} \approx \mathbf{3.3225 \times 10^{-27}} \approx 3.32928 \times 10^{-27}[/tex]
Therefore, the particle might be an alpha particle.
Learn more here:
https://brainly.com/question/15398619
A proton traveling to the right enters a region of uniform magnetic field that points into the screen. When the proton enters this region, it will be..??deflected toward bottom of the screendeflected out of the plane of screendeflected toward top of the screendeflected into plane of screenunaffected in its direction of motion
Answer:
deflected toward bottom of the screen
Explanation:
When entering the region with magnetic field, a magnetic force is exerted on the proton. This force is perpendicular to both the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the velocity of the proton.
The direction of the force can be determined by using the right-hand rule. We have:
- Index finger: direction of the velocity of the proton --> to the right
- Middle finger: direction of the magnetic field --> into the screen
- Thumb: direction of the magnetic force --> toward bottom of the screen
So, the correct answer is
deflected toward bottom of the screen
Which shows the formula for converting from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit?
This is a question that makes us REALLY want to know what "Which" means.
If you included a list of answer choices with your question, then the correct formula isn't on it.
The formula for converting temperature from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit is:
°F = 1.8 · (°C) + 32
Explanation:
The two scales for measuring the temperature of an object are Celsius scale and Fahrenheit scale. Mathematically, it can be written as :
[tex]^{\circ} F=(\dfrac{9}{5}\times ^{\circ}C)+32[/tex]
Where
°F = degree Fahrenheit
°C = degree Celsius
For example, if T = 30°C. It can be converted to °F as :
[tex]^{\circ} F=(\dfrac{9}{5}\times 30)+32[/tex]
[tex]^{\circ} F=86[/tex]
So, 30°C is equal to 86 Fahrenheit. Hence, this is the required solution.
A simple ideal Brayton cycle uses argon as the working fluid. At the beginning of the compression, P1 = 15 psia and T1 = 70°F, the maximum cycle temperature is 1220°F, and the pressure in the combustion chamber is 150 psia. The argon enters the compressor through a 3 ft2 opening with a velocity of 200 ft/s. Determine the rate at which entropy is generated by the cycle. The temperature of the source is the same as the maximum cycle temperature, and the temperature of the sink is the same as the minimum cycle temperature.
Entropy generation in an ideal Brayton cycle is zero since all processes are reversible and there are no irreversibilities within the system to generate entropy.
Explanation:The student's question relates to finding the rate of entropy generation for an ideal Brayton cycle using argon as the working fluid. However, the Brayton cycle, as an ideal cycle, does not lead to entropy generation within the system because all processes are reversible. Entropy may change as heat crosses the system boundaries, but this is not the same as entropy generation due to irreversibilities. Calculating entropy changes in an actual Brayton cycle requires knowledge of each process's irreversibilities, which cannot be determined without additional data on the components' efficiencies and the specific entropy values of argon at the given states. Further calculations for ideal processes can be simplified using the assumption of adiabatic and isentropic compression and expansion.
Newton believed that time and space are absolute, while Einstein believed that the ______ is absolute.
A. CURVE OF SPACE TIME
B. SPEED OF LIGHT
C. FOURTH DIMENSION
D. DILATION OF TIME
Curve of space time
Newton believed that time and space are absolute, while Einstein believed that the speed of light is absolute.
Andy rubs a rubber rod with a piece of animal fur. The total charge of the system before rubbing is zero. The system is made up of the rubber rod and the fur. Initially, the charge on the rod is zero and it is electrically neutral. The same is true for the fur. When Sandy rubs the rubber rod with the fur, the rubber rod acquires negative (-) charges. How does the system change, overall, based on the law of conservation of charge?
The net charge in the system is 0. All electrons that were sent to the rod are missing from the fur. Hence, the rod is a (-) while the fur is a (+).
Answer:
In order to satisfied the law of conservation of charge, If the rubber rod becomes negatively charged, then the fur becomes positively charged.
Explanation:
This law states that charge is neither created nor destroyed, it can only be transferred from one system to another. In this case the rubber rod obtains electrons from the fur, in consequence the rod, which was originally neutral becomes negatively charged (the number of electrons on it increase), and the fur which was originally neutral becomes positively charged (the number of electrons on it decrease).